| 摘要: |
| 【目的】阐明连作早期缬草根际微生态失衡机制，为缬草连作障碍的早期防控提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省铜仁市江口县黄柏山村中药材种植基地缬草连作土壤为研究对象，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析 了连作早期（1-2年）缬草根际土壤微生物群落多样性、群落结构及其与理化性质的互作关系。【结果】缬草短期连作诱发了“土壤酸化-养分活化”耦合效应：连作土壤pH值较未连作土壤显著降低0.8-0.9个单位，碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别较未连作土壤显著增加16.24%-30.78%，122.10%-197.84%和20.87%-207.42%。土壤微生物群 落发生明显重构，细菌群落中的芽单胞菌属（Gemmatimonas）、鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）和Candidatus_Solibacter等耐酸及特化类群明显富集，而Vicinamibacteraceae、Ellin6067和罗库菌属（Rokubacteriales）等基础生态功能类群则受到抑制；真菌群落中的镰刀菌属（Fusarium）、炭疽菌属（Colletotrichum）、拟壳多孢属（Stagonosporopsis）等病原 菌相对丰度上升，青霉菌属（Penicillium）与圆孢霉属（Staphylotrichum）等有益菌相对丰度则显著下降。分子生态网络分析表明，连作使缬草根际土壤细菌网络结构复杂化，而使真菌网络简单化，降低了微生态系统的稳定性。冗余分析 表明，土壤碱解氮（解释率94.52%）和有效磷（77.03%）含量是驱动细菌群落结构变化的关键因子，而真菌群落则受 pH （87.39%）、速效钾（96.17%）、有效磷（90.42%）、全钾（90.07%）和碱解氮（86.26%）含量等多因子协同调控。【结论】“土壤酸化-养分活化”耦合效应驱动的根际微生态失衡是缬草早期连作障碍形成的主要原因。 |
| 关键词: 缬草 连作障碍 根际土壤 根际微生物 土壤酸化 养分活化 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2027. 01. 015 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:贵州省基础研究计划（自然科学）面上项目（黔科合基础-MS［2025］ 097）；贵州省高层次创新型千层次人才项目（2023-（2022）-049，2023（-2022）-046）；铜仁学院 2024 年研究生教育创新计划项目（trxyycjs-202405）；省级大学生创新创业训练计 划项目（S2025106651084） |
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| Effects of soil acidification⁃nutrient activation on rhizosphere microbial community during early stage of continuous cropping of Valeriana officinalis L. |
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Chen Fen, Feng Shunmei, Zhang Ou, Yu Gao
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College of Agroforestry Engineering and Planning，Tongren University，Tongren，Guizhou 554300，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The sustainable cultivation of Valeriana officinalis L. is limited by the severe challenges associated with continuous cropping. Therefore，understanding the early-stage rhizosphere microecological dysbiosis is critical for developing effective control strategies.【Method】This study investigated the earlystage（ 1-2 years） effects of continuous cropping of V.officinalis L. in a medicinal herb planting base in Tong ren City，Guizhou Province.Using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology，the diversity and structure of the rhizosphere soil microbial community，as well as their interactions with soil physicochemical properties were analyzed.【Result】Short-term continuous cropping of V.officinalis L. induced a coupled effect of“ soil acidification-nutrient activation”. The soil pH significantly decreased by 0.8-0.9 units compared to that of non-continuously cropped soil，while the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen，available phosphorus，and available potassium increased significantly by 16.24%-30.78%，122.10%-197.84%，and 20.87%-207.42%，respectively. In bacterial communities，acid-tolerant and specialized taxa including Gemmatimonas，Sphingomonas，and Candidatus_Solibacter were significantly enriched. In contrast，key functional groups，inclu-ding Vicinamibacteraceae，Ellin6067，and Rokubacteriales were suppressed.Within the fungal community，a marked increase in the relative abundance of pathogenic genera，including Fusarium，Colletotrichum，and Stagonosporopsis，and a significant decline in beneficial fungi including Penicillium and Staphylotrichum were abserved. Molecular ecological network analysis revealed that continuous cropping complicated bacterial network structures while simplifying fungal network，thereby reducing the stability of the microbial ecosystem.Redundancy analysis revealed that soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen（explaining 94.52% of the variance） and available phosphorus（77.03%） were the primary determinants of bacterial community structure.By contrast，the fungal community was co-regulated by several factors，including pH（87.39%），available potassium（96.17%），avai-lable phosphorus（90.42%），total potassium（90.07%） and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen（86.26%）.【Conclusion】The primary mechanism underlying obstacles in the early stage of continuous cropping of V.officinalis L.is the rhizospheric micro-ecological dysbiosis driven by the coupled effect of“ soil acidification-nutrient activation” . |
| Key words: Valeriana officinalis L. continuous cropping obstacle rhizosphere soil rhizosphere microorganisms soil acidification nutrient activation |
