| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析不同灌木人工林对草本物种多样性及土壤理化性质的影响，量化不同灌木人工林的改良效果，为沙漠的区域生态修复以及人工林结构调整提供科学依据。【方法】以地处库布齐沙漠中段的内蒙古自治区鄂 尔多斯市达拉特旗为研究区域，选择地形条件相对一致、长势良好的黑沙蒿（Artemisia ordosica）、沙柳（Salix psammophila）、柠条（Caragana korshinskii）3种典型固沙灌木人工林，通过野外调查和室内试验相结合的方法，测定其林下草本植物物种组成与多样性以及土壤理化性质，并对草本植物群落多样性与土壤理化性质进行相关性分析，最后采用主成分分析对不同灌木人工林的改良效果进行综合评价。【结果】在3种灌木人工林中共发现15种草本植物，其中以黎科植物（26.67%）为主。3种灌木人工林林下草本植物群落的Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数存在明显差异，总体表现为黑沙蒿林<沙柳林<柠条林；但Pielou均匀度指数无显著差异。0-60 cm土层中，除土壤体积质量外，土壤含水量、田间持水量、总孔隙度以及有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均表现为黑沙蒿林<沙柳林<柠条林。相关性分析结果显示，除了Pielou均匀度指数外，草本植物群落的Simpson优势度指 数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数均与土壤理化性质总体呈显著或极显著相关。基于主成分分析的评价结果显示，3种灌木人工林的综合得分表现为柠条林（1.78）>沙柳林（0.11）>黑沙蒿林（-1.90）。【结论】不同灌木人工林对草本植物物种多样性及土壤理化性质有明显影响，其中柠条林的改良效果最优。 |
| 关键词: 灌木人工林 草本植物 物种多样性 土壤理化性质 改良效果 库布齐沙漠 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2027. 01. 011 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目（2024JBGS0023）；内蒙古自治区水利科研专项（20250101303A） |
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| Effects of different shrub plantations on species diversity of herbaceous plants and soil physicochemical properties |
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Zhang Deyi1, Liu Jing2, Yang Guang1, Guo Xinyu1, Qiao Shi1, Lü Guanglin3, Zhang Longying4
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1.Desert Control College，Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，Hohhot，Inner Mongolia 010018，China;2.Institute of Pastoral Water Conservancy，Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China，Hohhot，Inner Mongolia 010020，China;3.Ordos City Forestation General Station，Ordos，Inner Mongolia 017200，China;4.Ordos Water Resources Development and Management Center，Ordos，Inner Mongolia 017200，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aims to analyze the effects of different shrub plantations on herbaceous species diversity and soil physicochemical properties，and quantify their improvement performance，to provide a scientific basis for regional ecological restoration and artificial forest structure optimization in desert ecosystems.【Method】The study was conducted in Dalate Banner，Ordos City，Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，located in the central part of the Hobq Desert. Three typical sand-fixing shrub plantations with similar topographic conditions and good growth conditions-Artemisia ordosica，Salix psammophila，and Caragana korshinskii-were selected. Using a combined method of field surveys and laboratory analyses，the species composition and diversity of understory herbaceous plants were determined and the soil physicochemical properties were measured. Correlation analyses were performed between herbaceous plant community diversity and soil physico-chemical parameters，and principal component analysis（PCA） was used to comprehensively evaluate the im?provement performance of each plantation type.【Result】 A total of 15 herbaceous species were recorded across the three plantation types，with Chenopodiaceae being the dominant species（26.67%）.The Simpson domi-nance index，Shannon-Wiener diversity index，and Margalef richness index of the understory herbaceous communities differed markedly among the three shrub plantations，with their values increasing in the order of A. ordosica plantationA.ordosica plantation<S.psammophila plantation<C.korshinskii plantation.Correlation analysis indicated that except for the Pielou evenness index，the Simpson dominance index，Shannon-Wiener diversity index，and Margalef richness index of the herbaceous communities were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with soil physicochemical properties. PCA-based evaluation showed that the comprehensive scores of the three plantation types were decreased in the order of C.korshinskii（ 1.78）>S.psammophila（0.11）>A.ordosica（-1.90）.【Conclusion】Different shrub plantations ex?ert significant influences on herbaceous species diversity and soil physicochemical properties，among which C.korshinskii plantation demonstrated the strongest improvement effect. |
| Key words: shrub artificial forest herbaceous plants species diversity soil physical and chemical properties improvement effect Hobq Desert |
