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| 万寿菊轮作对半夏连作障碍的改善作用 |
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武宝琴1,2,3, 郭清毅1,2,3, 黄浩翔1,2,3, 寇明红1,2,3, 苏雨1,2,3, 万阳1,2,3, 张延红1,2,3
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1.甘肃中医药大学 药学院，甘肃 兰州 730000;2.天然药用种质资源挖掘与新品种选育协同创新中心，甘肃 兰州 730000;3.甘肃中医药大学 杏林百草园，甘肃 兰州 730000
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| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】探究万寿菊（Tagetes erecta）轮作对半夏（Pinellia ternata）连作障碍的改善作用，为优化半夏栽培模式及缓解半夏连作障碍提供科学依据。【 方法】设置半夏连作及半夏与万寿菊轮作2种处理，采用常规方法测定不同处理半夏的生长生理指标、土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性，利用Illumina高通量测序技术测定不同处理半夏根际土壤微生物的群落结构及多样性，并对不同种植模式下半夏根际土壤环境因子与微生物群落进行相关性分析。【 结果】①与半夏连作相比，万寿菊轮作显著促进了半夏的生长生理，半夏的出苗率、叶面积、株高和产量分别显著提高91.87%，41.30%，29.87%和101.51%（P<0.05）；叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率和相对叶绿素含量分别显著提高了 20.12%，100.00%，19.96%，48.77%和18.35%（P<0.05）。②与半夏连作相比，万寿菊轮作后半夏根际土壤pH、养分含量和土壤酶活性显著提高，其中土壤pH、全氮、全钾和有机质含量分别显著提高6.60%，26.96%，6.35%，6.54%（P<0.05），土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶活性分别提高了80.22%，14.73%和64.79%。③与半夏连作相比，万寿菊轮作后半夏根际土壤微生物群落结构发生重构，细菌的多样性和丰富度均显著提升，但真菌差异不显著。在门水平上，放线菌门、酸杆菌门和担子菌门的相对丰度分别提高10.47%，33.37%和116.41%；假单胞菌门和子囊菌门的相对丰度分别降低 6.48%和1.83%。在属水平上，节杆菌属的相对丰度提高22.20%，类诺卡氏菌属和鞘氨醇单胞菌属的相对丰度分别降低 13.22%和11.08%。④相关性分析结果表明，厚壁菌门、蓝细菌门相对丰度均与土壤全磷含量呈显著正相关；黏球菌门相对丰度与土壤脲酶活性呈显著正相关；子囊菌门、捕虫霉门相对丰度均与土壤pH、土壤脲酶活性呈显著正相关，但与土壤全氮含量呈显著负相关。【 结论】万寿菊轮作通过提高根际土壤养分含量、增强土壤酶活性以及优化土壤微生物群落结构而改善根际土壤生态功能，缓解半夏连作障碍，促进半夏生长及产量增加。 |
| 关键词: 半夏栽培 万寿菊 连作障碍 轮作模式 微生物群落结构 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 09. 017 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:甘肃省重点研发计划项目（25YFFA045） |
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| Improvement effect of Tagetes erecta rotation on continuous cropping obstacle of Pinellia ternata |
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WU Baoqin1,2,3, GUO Qingyi1,2,3, HUANG Haoxiang1,2,3, KOU Minghong1,2,3, SU Yu1,2,3, WAN Yang1,2,3, ZHANG Yanhong1,2,3
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1.College of Pharmacy，Gansu University of Chinese Medicine，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China;2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Medicine Germplasm Resources Discovering and New Cultivars Breeding，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China;3.Xinglin Baicao Garden，Gansu University of Chinese Medicine，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】This study aimed to investigate the improvement effect of Tagetes erecta rotation on continuous cropping obstacle of Pinellia ternata，to provide a scientific basis for optimizing P.ternata cultivation and alleviating continuous cropping obstacles.【MethodTwo treatments were designed：continuous cropping of Pinellia ternata，and rotation of Pinellia ternata with Tagetes erecta.Conventional methods were employed to determine the growth physiological indicators，soil nutrients content，and soil enzyme activities of P. ternata under different treatments. Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to determine the community structure and diversity of soil microorganism. Furthermore，correlation analysis was conducted between rhizo-sphere soil environmental factors and microbial communities under different species patterns of P.ternata.【Result】①Compared with the continuous cropping treatment of P.ternata，the crop rotation with T.erecta significantly promoted the growth and physiology of P. ternata.The emergence rate，leaf area，plant height，and yield increased significantly by 91.87%，41.30%，29.87%，and 101.51%，respectively（P<0. 05）.The leaf net pho?tosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，intercellular CO2 concentration，transpiration rate，and SPAD increased significantly by 20.12%，100.00%，19.96%，48.77%，and 18.35%，respectively（P<0.05）. ② Compared with the continuous cropping treatment with P.ternata，the T. erecta rotation treatment significantly increased soil pH，nutrient content，and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of P.ternata.Specifically，pH and the contents of total nitrogen，total potassium，organic matter increased significantly by 6.60%，26.96%，6.35%，and 6.54%，respectively（P<0.05）.Similarly，the activities of soil urease，soil sucrase，and soil polyphenol oxidase increased by 80.22%，14.73%，and 64.79%，respectively（P<0.05）.③ Compared with continuous cropping of P.ternata，crop rotation with T.erecta restructured the rhizosphere microbial community.Specifically，the diversity and richness of bacteria increased significantly，whereas no significant differences were observed in fungi.At the phylum level，the relative abundances of Actinomycetota，Acidobacteriota，and Basidiomycota increased by 10.47%，33.37%，and 116.41%，respectively，whereas the relative abundances of Pseudomonadota and As?comycota decreased by 6.48% and 1.38%，respectively. At the genus level，the relative abundance of the genus Arthrobacter increased by 22.20%，while the relative abundances of the genera Nocardioides and Sphingomonas decreased by 13.22% and 11.08%，respectively. ④Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations of Bacillota and Cyanobacteria with total soil phosphorus content，and of Myxococcota with soil urease. Ascomycota and Zoopagomycota were significantly positively correlated with soil pH and soil urease activity，and significantly negatively correlated with total soil nitrogen content.【Conclusion】T.erecta rotation alleviates the continuous cropping obstacles of P.ternata by increasing soil nutrient content，enhancing soil enzyme activities，and optimizing the rhizosphere microbial community structure，thereby improving soil ecological function and ultimately promoting plant growth and yield. |
| Key words: Pinellia ternata cultivation Tagetes erecta continuous cropping obstacles crop rotation pattern microbial community structure |
