| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】基于简单重复序列（SSR）分子标记，系统解析荒漠锦鸡儿（Caragana roborovskyi Kom. ）野生 种群的遗传多样性特征和群体遗传结构模式，并探索其遗传多样性与环境因子的关联性，为荒漠锦鸡儿种质资源保护 与利用提供参考。【 方法】利用SSR分子标记技术，对采自我国新疆、甘肃、青海和宁夏4个地区的10个荒漠锦鸡儿 野生种群的遗传多样性进行分析，通过计算遗传多样性参数和进行群体遗传分化分析、遗传结构分析、主成分分析 （PCA）、聚类分析及Mantel检验，解析荒漠锦鸡儿种群遗传结构与地理分布的相关性；并通过与环境因子的关联分 析，识别影响其遗传多样性的关键环境因素。【 结果】荒漠锦鸡儿野生种群具有较高的遗传多样性，且遗传变异主要 发生在种群内部，种群间基因交流频繁（Nm=3. 732 0）。PCA分析和遗传结构分析结果表明，10个荒漠锦鸡儿种群 划分为2个类群；但NJ聚类结果显示，遗传距离与地理分布无相关性；Mantel检验证实遗传距离矩阵与地理距离矩阵 无显著相关性。关联分析结果表明，纬度、平均气温日较差和降水量季节性变化是影响荒漠锦鸡儿遗传多样性的主要 环境因素，温度波动和降水模式可能是塑造其遗传多样性空间分布的关键驱动力。【 结论】建立了荒漠锦鸡儿野生种 群遗传背景与环境适应机制的联系框架，证实了干旱生境物种通过种群内遗传变异和频繁基因交流维持遗传多样性的特殊策略，为基于遗传信息的种质资源保护与管理方案制定提供了科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 荒漠锦鸡儿 SSR标记 遗传多样性 遗传结构 环境适应 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 07. 018 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金资助项目（2024AAC03103）；国家自然科学基金项目（31760056） |
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| Genetic diversity and environmental adaptation of Caragana roborovskyi Kom. revealed by SSR markers |
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YAO Ning1, GAO Jianzhong1, ZHANG Jing1, MA Zhoujuan1, MA Fei2, XU Tingting1
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1.School of Life Sciences，Ningxia University，Yinchuan，Ningxia 750021，China;2.School of Ecology and Environment，Ningxia University，Yinchuan，Ningxia 750021，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】Based on simple sequence repeat（SSR） molecular markers，this study comprehen-sively analyzes the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of wild Caragana roborovskyi Kom. popu?lations. It further explores the association between genetic diversity and environmental factors，aiming to provide a scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of C. roborovskyi germplasm resources.【Method】Using SSR molecular marker technology，the genetic diversity of 10 wild populations of C. roborovskyi from four re?gions in China（Xinjiang，Gansu，Qinghai，and Ningxia） was analyzed.By calculating genetic diversity parameters，and conducting population genetic differentiation analysis，genetic structure analysis，principal component analysis（PCA），cluster analysis，and Mantel test，the correlation between the population genetic structure and geographic distribution of C. roborovskyi was resolved. Additionally，correlation analysis in combination with environmental factors was conducted to identify the key environmental factors affecting its genetic diversity.【Result】The wild populations of C. roborovskyi exhibited high genetic diversity，with genetic variation primarily occurring within populations and frequent gene flow among populations（Nm=3. 732 0）.PCA and genetic structure analysis showed that the 10 C. roborovskyi populations could be divided into two groups，while NJ clustering analysis indicated no correlation between genetic distance and geographic distribution. The Mantel test confirmed that there was no significant correlation between the genetic distance matrix and geographic distance matrix. Correlation analysis revealed that latitude，mean daily temperature range，and seasonal variation in precipitation were the main environmental factors affecting genetic diversity，suggesting that temperature fluctuations and precipitation patterns may be key drivers for shaping the spatial distribution of its genetic diversity.【Conclusion】This study firstly establishes a linkage framework between the genetic background of wild populations of C. roborovskyi and their environmental adaptation mechanisms. It is confirmed that species in arid habitats maintain genetic diversity through intra-population genetic variation and frequent gene flow，which provides a scientific basis for formulating germplasm resource protection and management plans based on genetic information. |
| Key words: Caragana roborovskyi SSR markers genetic diversity genetic structure environmental adap‑tation |
