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码上扫一扫！ |
| 温度对红花玉兰‘娇红1号’生理及光合特性的影响 |
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陈以东1, 蔡宇宇1, 詹丽红1, 朱仲龙2,3, 贾忠奎2, 马履一2, 桑子阳3, 吴南生1, 罗芊芊4, 邓章文4, 汪加魏1
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1.江西农业大学 林学院，南酸枣研究所，江西 南昌 330045;2.北京林业大学 省部共建森林培育与保护重点实验室，北京 100083;3.五峰博翎种业有限公司，湖北 五峰 443400;4.江西省抚州市林业科学研究所，江西 抚州 344114
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同温度条件对红花玉兰‘娇红1号’生理及光合特性的影响，为栽培红花玉兰确定最适的环境温度提供理论依据。【方法】以红花玉兰‘娇红1号’2年生的大容器嫁接苗为试材，于2022年4月至2023年4月采用温室的3种气温控制处理：T1（昼15~20 ℃/夜5~10 ℃）、T2（昼20~25 ℃/夜10~15 ℃）、T3（昼25~30 ℃/夜15~20 ℃），同时以露天自然生长为对照(CK)，分别测定和分析不同温度处理条件下红花玉兰‘娇红1号’的生理及光合特性。【结果】在T3处理下，红花玉兰‘娇红1号’的分枝数、苗高和地径年生长量显著高于CK，分别较CK提高了25.19%，16.49%和17.12%，冠幅除在6月低于CK外，其余月份均高于CK。随着温度调控时间的延长，各处理下红花玉兰叶片的全氮（N)、全磷(P)、全钾(K)、可溶性糖和可溶性淀粉含量逐渐上升，在9月，T3处理的全N、全P、全K、可溶性糖和可溶性淀粉含量均达到最大，CK的全N、全P、全K、可溶性糖和可溶性淀粉含量较T3处理分别降低13.71%，16.43%，11.14%，19.52%和17.22%，此时T3处理的可溶性蛋白含量较CK显著提高25.72%。在T1处理下，红花玉兰的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和抗坏血酸氧化酶（APX）活性显著高于T2和T3处理。在7月，T3处理红花玉兰的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量较CK分别显著提高10.48%，17.54%和12.71%。在9月，T3处理红花玉兰叶片的净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）、蒸腾速率（Tr）较T1处理分别显著提高了107.47%，138.54%，14.21%和70.45%。【结论】栽培环境温度过高或过低均会显著影响红花玉兰‘娇红1号’苗木正常生长，其最适生长温度为T3（昼25~30 ℃/夜15~20 ℃）。 |
| 关键词: 红花玉兰 栽培温度 苗木生长 生理指标 光合特性 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.11.015 |
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| 基金项目:中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“红花玉兰新品种‘娇红1号’引种栽培及推广示范”（JXTG［2021］20号） |
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| Effect of temperature on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of Magnolia wufengensis ‘Jiaohong 1’ |
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CHEN Yidong1, CAI Yuyu1, ZHAN Lihong1, ZHU Zhonglong2,3, JIA Zhongkui2, MA Lyuyi2, SANG Ziyang3, WU Nansheng1, LUO Qianqian4, DENG Zhangwen4, WANG Jiawei1
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1.School of Forestry,Research Institute of Choerospondias Axillaris,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045;2.Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;3.Wufeng Boling Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Wufeng,Hubei 443400,China;4.Forestry Academy of Fuzhou City,Fuzhou,Jiangxi 344114,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to investigate the effects of different temperature conditions on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of Magnolia wufengensis ‘Jiaohong 1’,to provide a theoretical basis for determining the optimum ambient temperature for the cultivation of M.wufengensis.【Method】Two-year-old large container grafted seedlings of M.wufengensis ‘Jiaohong 1’ were used as test material,and three temperature control treatments were conducted in the greenhouse from April 2022 to April 2023:T1 (day 15-20 ℃/night 5-10 ℃),T2 (day 20-25 ℃/night 10-15 ℃),and T3 (day 25-30 ℃/night 15-20 ℃).Seedlings naturally cultivated in natural condition served as the control (CK).And the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of M.wufengensis ‘Jiaohong 1’ under different temperature treatment conditions were determined and analyzed.【Result】The annual increment of branching number,seedling height and diameter in the T3 treatment were significantly higher than that in the CK.Compared with the CK,the annual increment of branching number was significantly increased by 25.19%,seedling height by 16.49% and diameter by 17.12%.The crown width in the T3 treatment was lower than that in the CK treatment only in June,and higher in the rest of the year.With the prolongation of temperature regulation time,the contents of total nitrogen (N),total phosphorus (P),total potassium (K),soluble sugar and soluble starch of leaves under each treatment gradually increased.Maximum contents of total N,total P,total K,soluble sugar and soluble starch in the T3 treatment were observed in September.The contents of total N,total P,total K,soluble sugar and soluble starch in CK were lower than those in the T3 treatment by 13.71%,16.43%,11.14%,19.52% and 17.22%,respectively.The soluble protein content in the T3 treatment was significantly increased by 25.72% compared with CK.Superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate oxidase (APX) activities in the T1 treatment were significantly higher than those in T2 and T3 treatments.In July,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and total chlorophyll contents in the T3 treatment were significantly increased by 10.48%,17.54%,and 12.71%,respectively,compared to CK.In September,the net photosynthetic rate (Pn),stomatal conductance (Gs),intercellular CO2 mole fraction (Ci),and transpiration rate (Tr) of leaves in the T3 treatment were significantly increased by 107.47%,138.54%,14.21%,and 70.45%,respectively,compared with the T1 treatment. 【Conclusion】Too high or too low cultivation environment temperature will significantly affect the normal growth of M.wufengensis ‘Jiaohong 1’ seedlings,and its optimum growth temperature is T3 (day 25-30 ℃/night 15-20 ℃). |
| Key words: Magnolia wufengensis cultivation temperature seedling growth physiological indexes photosynthetic characteristics |
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