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| 弹齿式残膜回收机捡拾滚筒的设计与参数优化 |
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任伟1,2,3, 吴智勋1,2,3, 韩新杰1,2,3, 王康龙1,2,3, 兰文庆1,2,3, 马少辉1,2,3
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1.塔里木大学 机械电气化工程学院，新疆 阿拉尔 843300;2.南疆特色农林产物利用与装备兵团重点实验室，新疆 阿拉尔 843300;3.自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室，新疆 阿拉尔 843300
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对弹齿式残膜回收机捡拾装置进行了优化设计，探求最佳的机具作业速度、残膜捡拾滚筒转速和轴向弹齿间距，为提高秋后棉田地表残膜的拾净率提供技术支持。【方法】针对现有弹齿式残膜回收机因残膜捡拾滚筒中捡拾弹齿安装间距、机具前进速度与残膜捡拾滚筒转速不协调导致地表残膜漏捡、破裂等问题，基于动力学分析和运动轨迹方程确定残膜不漏捡的条件。以机具前进速度（8～10 km/h）、残膜捡拾滚筒转速（60～70 r/min）、轴向弹齿间距（40～120 mm）为试验因素，拾净率为评估指标，采用Box-Behnken正交试验设计对捡拾滚筒的结构参数进行优化，建立回归模型并在田间进行了验证。【结果】残膜不漏捡的条件是捡拾弹齿的分布密度为周向8组、轴向13组/轴，滚筒转速≥60.56 r/min。Box-Behnken正交优化试验及方差分析表明，残膜捡拾滚筒转速、轴向弹齿间距以及二者交互项对拾净率有显著影响，3个试验因素的影响依次表现为残膜捡拾滚筒转速>轴向弹齿间距>机具前进速度。优化后的最优参数组合为：机具前进速度9 km/h、滚筒转速65 r/min、轴向弹齿间距80 mm，模型预测拾净率达93.93%。在此条件下进行田间验证试验，平均拾净率为90.68%，与预测值的相对误差为3.25%。【结论】优化后的弹齿式残膜回收机可有效协调机具作业参数，显著提升拾净率，可以满足秋后棉田地表残膜的回收作业需求。 |
| 关键词: 残膜回收机 棉田 残膜捡拾滚筒 农业机械装备 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.11.004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:新疆生产建设兵团“兵团英才”支持计划骨干人才项目（20240601） |
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| Design and parameter optimization of the pickup drum for a spring-tooth type residual film recovery machine |
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REN Wei1,2,3, WU Zhixun1,2,3, HAN Xinjie1,2,3, WANG Kanglong1,2,3, LAN Wenqing1,2,3, MA Shaohui1,2,3
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1.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;2.Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps（XPCC）Key Laboratory of Utilization and Equipment of Special Agricultural and Forestry Products in Southern Xinjiang,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;3.Modern Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】An optimized design was conducted on the pickup device of the spring-tooth type residual film recovery machine.The optimal machinery forward speed,residual film picking drum speed,and axial spring-tooth spacing were investigated,thereby providing technical support for improving the post-harvest residual film recovery rate on cotton field surfaces.【Method】To address the issues of residual film leakage and fragmentation in conventional spring-tooth residual film recovery machines,primarily caused by mismatched parameters among axial spring-tooth spacing,forward speed,and residnal film picking drum speed,a kinematic analysis was performed to establish the non-leakage criteria.A three-factor Box-Behnken response surface methodology was employed to optimize the structural parameters of the pickup drum,including forward speed (8-10 km/h),residual film picking drum speed (60-70 r/min),and axial spring-tooth spacing (40-120 mm).The residual film recovery rate served as the evaluation metric.The derived regression model was validated through field trials.【Result】Kinematic analysis established the non-leakage criteria for residual film pickup:circumferential distribution of 8 spring tooth groups,axial arrangement of 13 groups per shaft,and a minimum drum speed of 60.56 r/min.Box-Behnken optimization combined with ANOVA revealed significant effects of drum speed,axial spring-tooth spacing,and their interaction on recovery rate,and factor influence was ranked as:drum speed>axial spring-tooth spacing>forward speed.The optimal combination of machine parameters was 9 km/h forward speed,65 r/min residual film picking drum speed,and 80 mm axial spring tooth spacing,resulting in a predicted recovery rate of 93.93%.Field validation trials demonstrated 90.68% average recovery rate with 3.25% error from prediction.【Conclusion】The optimized spring-tooth type residual film recovery machine effectively coordinates operational parameters,achieving a significantly enhanced recovery rate.This performance meets the operational requirements for post-harvest residual film collection on cotton field surfaces. |
| Key words: residual film recovery machine cotton field residual film picking drum agricultural machinery and equipment |
