| 摘要: |
| 【目的】设计一种小型水稻补苗器，为有效提高补苗效率、降低人工成本提供支持。【方法】设计由移箱和分插机构两部分组成的水稻补苗器，利用Solidworks软件对小型水稻补苗器进行了整机及关键部件设计，根据结构参数和工作需求，选用浮板 地面夹角、铺苗盘距地高度和铺苗盘质量为试验因素，以漂秧率和伤秧率为试验评价指标进行三因素三水平正交试验，对试验结果进行方差分析，确定最优参数组合并以寻优圆整值进行试验验证。【结果】小型水稻补苗器的最佳作业参数为：浮板 地面夹角15.536°，铺苗盘距地高度165.939 mm，铺苗盘质量1 159.535 g，在此条件下理论漂秧率为0.467％，伤秧率为0.244％。利用圆整后的最优作业参数值，即浮板 地面夹角15°，铺苗盘距地高度160 mm，铺苗盘质量1 250 g进行验证试验，实测漂秧率为0.420％，伤秧率为0.220％，均低于理论值。【结论】在最优作业参数组合条件下，小型水稻补苗器的漂秧率和伤秧率均较低，可以满足水稻补苗环节的技术要求。 |
| 关键词: 水稻 补苗器 移箱机构 分插机构 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.11.002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划子课题（2023YFD2301604-2）；中央引导地方科技发展专项（ZY20B05） |
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| Design and performance test of a small rice seedling replenishment device |
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MAO Xin, WANG Wei, YUE Qing
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Department of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】A small rice replenishment device was designed to enhance the gap-filling efficiency and reduce labor costs effectively.【Method】The rice replenishment device consisted of a moving box mechanism and a transplanting mechanism.The entire machine and key components were designed using Solidworks software.Based on structural parameters and operational requirements,three experimental factors were selected:the floating plate-ground angle,seedling tray ground clearance,and the mass of seedling tray.A three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was conducted with floating seedling rate and seedling injury rate as evaluation indicators.Variance analysis indentified the optimal parameter combination,which was subsequently validated experimentally via rounded values.【Result】The small rice seedling replenishment device achieved optimal performance with a floating plate-ground angle of 15.536°,a seedling tray ground clearance of 165.939 mm,and a seedling tray mass of 1 159.535 g,yielding a theoretical floating seedling rate of 0.467% and seedling injury rate of 0.244%.Verification experiments using rounded optimal parameter values,a floating plate-ground angle of 15°,seedling tray ground clearance of 160 mm,and seedling tray mass of 1 250 g yielded a floating seedling rate of 0.420% and a seedling injury rate of 0.220%,both lower than theoretical values.【Conclusion】The small rice seedling replenishment device exhibited low floating seedling rate and seedling injury rate under the optimal operational parameters,thereby meeting the technical requirements for rice seedling gap-filling operations. |
| Key words: rice seedling replenishment device moving box mechanism transplanting mechanism |
