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码上扫一扫！ |
| 64份冰草属牧草种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性 |
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王通锐1, 王星1, 胡鹏飞1, 叶雨浓1, 高雪芹1,2,3, 张金青1,2,3, 伏兵哲1,2,3
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1.宁夏大学 林业与草业学院，宁夏 银川 750021;2.宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心，宁夏 银川 750021;3.农业农村部饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示不同来源冰草属（Agropyron）野生牧草种质材料的遗传变异规律和变异特性，为冰草属种质资源创新利用研究和新品种选育提供依据。【方法】以64份冰草属种质资源为材料，测定株高、分蘖数、茎粗、茎节数、基部茎长、穗下茎长、旗叶长、旗叶宽、旗叶叶鞘长、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽、倒二叶叶鞘长、花序长、穗质量、小穗数、小穗长、小穗宽、种子长、种子宽、单株产量等20个表型性状，并进行方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析和聚类分析，以揭示冰草属植物种质资源的遗传变异规律和变异特性。【结果】20个表型性状的变异系数为10.93%~45.98%，其中基部茎长的变异系数最大，种子长的变异系数最小；表型性状的多样性指数为1.83~2.09，旗叶叶鞘长的多样性指数最高，茎节数的多样性指数最低；株高在冰草属材料间的差异性极显著（P<0.01）高于其他19个性状。相关性分析表明，20个表型性状之间基本存在显著相关关系。聚类分析将64份冰草属种质材料分为4类，第 Ⅰ 类包含32份种质，表现为植株短叶低产；第 Ⅱ 类包含1份种质，表现为高株多叶、穗重高产；第 Ⅲ 类包含7份种质，表现为花序长、穗小；第 Ⅳ 类包含24份种质，表现为植株矮小、叶短穗小。【结论】冰草属野生种质存在丰富的形态变异，其中基部茎长、单株产量、旗叶宽、穗质量、倒二叶宽的变异系数较大，可用于冰草种质资源新品种选育。 |
| 关键词: 冰草属牧草 牧草表型性状 遗传多样性 |
| DOI：DOI:10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.06.008 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2021BBF02003）；宁夏回族自治区农业育种专项（2019nyyz0403） |
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| Genetic diversity of phenotypic traits of 64 Agropyron germplasm resources |
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WANG Tongrui1, WANG Xing1, HU Pengfei1, YE Yunong1, GAO Xueqin1,2,3, ZHANG Jinqing1,2,3, FU Bingzhe1,2,3
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1.College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;2.Ningxia Grass and Animal Husbandry Engineering Research Center,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;3.Key Laboratory of Forage Efficient Production Model Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to reveal the genetic variation law and variation characteristics of Agropyron wild forage germplasm materials from different sources,to provide basis for innovative utilization of Agropyron germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties.【Method】Plant height,tiller number,stem diameter,stem node number,basal stem length,panicle length,flag leaf length,flag leaf width,flag leaf sheath length,inverted two leaves length,inverted two leaves width,inverted two leaves sheath length,spikelet number,spikelet length,spikelet width,seed length,seed width yield per plant were measured in 64 germplasm samples of Agropyron,and variance analysis,correlation analysis,principal analysis,component analysis,membership function analysis,and clustering analysis were performed to reveal the genetic variation law and variation characteristics of Agropyron germplasm resources.【Result】The variation coefficients of 20 phenotypic traits ranged from 10.93% to 45.98%,among which the variation coefficient of basal stem length was the largest and that of seed length the smallest.The diversity index of phenotypic traits was 1.83-2.09,with the diversity index of flag leaf sheath length being the lowest,and the diversity index of stem node number the lowest.The difference of plant height among Agropyron samples was highly significant (P<0.01),which was higher than the other 19 characters.The correlation analysis indicated significant correlation among the 20 phenotypic traits.In clustering analysis,64 Agropyron germplasm samples was divided into 4 categories.The first category contained 32 germplasm materials,characterized by low yield of short leaves in plants.The second category contained 1 germplasm material,characterized by high plant height,multi leaves,high spike wight and high yield.The third category contained 7 germplasm materials,characterized by long inflorescences and small spikes.The fourth category contained 24 germplasm materials,characterized by short leaves and small spikes in plants.【Conclusion】There were abundant morphological variations in wild germplasm of Agropyron cristatum.The variation coefficient of basal stem length,yield per plant,flag leaf width,panicle weight and two leaf width were larger,which can be used for breeding new varieties of Agropyron cristatum germplasm resources. |
| Key words: Agropyron phenotypic traits of forage grass genetic diversity |
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