| 摘要: |
| 【目的】获取杨柳科叶绿体基因组的结构及序列特征，揭示杨柳科植物的系统发育关系。【方法】利用Excel和本地Blast，分析统计杨柳科已公布的23种植物叶绿体基因组大小、结构组成、基因数量、排列顺序及内含子等信息；同时基于55个共有单拷贝蛋白编码基因，采用NJ法进行系统发育分析。【结果】杨柳科23种植物叶绿体基因组大小在155～159 kb，主要由大单拷贝区（LSC）长度差异引起。各物种基因排列顺序基本一致，均为2个IRs和2个SCs的典型四元组合结构，4个边界主要位于rpl22、ycf1、rps19基因处。psbZ、ycf15、lhbA、infA、trnK、trnG、trnL、trnV、trnI、trnA等基因存在缺失现象，引起基因数量差异。内含子在细胞色素复合物（petB）基因、RNA聚合酶（rpoC2）基因和核糖体蛋白（rpl2）基因等内发生结构变异，引起基因长度差异。系统进化分析结果表明，杨树聚类为4个高支持率进化支，钻天柳等7种柳树分为2个进化支。【结论】叶绿体基因组支持杨属、柳属独立进化，为杨柳科系统分类和系统发育提供了分子证据。 |
| 关键词: 杨柳科 叶绿体基因组 基因组结构变异 系统发育 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31160167）；国家林业公益性行业科研专项（201304206）；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2018-MS03013) |
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| Chloroplast genome structure and variation of Salicaceae plants |
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LU Dongye,ZHANG Lei,ZHANG Guosheng,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The genomic structure and sequence characteristics of Salicaceae chloroplasts were obtained and the phylogenetic relationship of the species was revealed.【Method】Excel and local Blast were used to statistically analyze the genomic size,structure,gene numbers,arrangement order and introns of chloroplasts of 23 published Salicaceae species.At the same time,based on 55 consensus single-copy protein coding genes,phylogenetic analysis of 23 species was performed by NJ method.【Result】The chloroplast genome size ranged from 155 to 159 kb,mainly due to the differences in LSC length.The order of gene arrangements was basically the same among species.All species had the typical quaternary combination structure with 2 IRs and 2 SCs and the 4 boundaries were mainly located at genes such as rpl22,ycf1 and rps19.There were deletions in genes including psbZ,ycf15,lhbA,infA,trnK,trnG,trnL,trnV,trnI and trnA,causing differences in gene numbers.Introns had structural variability in cytochrome b/f complex (atpF),RNA polymerase (rpoC2) and ribosomal protein (rpl2),causing variation in gene length.The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the poplar clusters were composed of 4 high-supported evolutionary clades,and 7 willows including Salix arbutifolia were divided into 2 evolutionary clades.【Conclusion】The chloroplast genome supported independent evolution of Populus and Salix and provided molecular evidence for classification and phylogeny of Salicaceae. |
| Key words: Salicaceae chloroplast genome genome structural variation phylogenetic |
