| 摘要: |
| 【目的】优化黑豆异黄酮的最佳提取工艺,为黑豆的加工利用提供参考。【方法】以东北青仁黑豆为原材料，运用超声波微波辅助提取黑豆异黄酮，通过单因素试验分析料(g)液(mL)比、乙醇体积分数、超声波功率、微波功率、微波辐射时间5个因素对黑豆异黄酮得率的影响。以单因素试验结果为基础，选择乙醇体积分数、超声波功率、微波辐射时间3个影响黑豆异黄酮得率的主要因素，以异黄酮得率为指标对提取工艺进行响应面优化分析，获取提取工艺最佳条件并进行验证。【结果】单因素试验结果表明，所选择的5个因素对黑豆异黄酮得率均有不同程度影响。其中当料液比达到1∶20时，黑豆异黄酮得率达到最大，为0.421%;超声波功率为300 W时黑豆异黄酮得率最大，为0.430%;当微波功率达到400 W时黑豆异黄酮得率最大,为0.419%;微波辐射时间为120 s时黑豆异黄酮得率最大，为,0.439%;乙醇体积分数为60%时黑豆异黄酮得率最大，为0.431%。响应面优化的黑豆异黄酮超声波微波辅助提取的最佳工艺条件为：料（g）液（mL）比1∶20、乙醇体积分数62%，超声波功率310 W，微波功率420 W，微波辐射时间120 s，在此条件下黑豆异黄酮的得率为（0.473±0.005）%，较单因素最高提取得率提高了6.9%。【结论】用超声波微波辅助法提取黑豆异黄酮具有用时短、操作简单、得率较高等特点，可用于工业化生产黑豆异黄酮。 |
| 关键词: 黑豆 异黄酮 超声波 微波 响应面法 |
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| 基金项目:2013年吉林省教育厅资助课题“黑豆中活性成分的提取及药用研究”（吉教科合字［2013］第21号） |
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| Optimization of ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction of isoflavone from black soybeans by response surface methodology |
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ZHANG Xing,LIU Zhenchun,DONG Xin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In this paper,the extraction process of isoflavones was optimized to provide reference for the processing and utilization of black soybeans.【Method】The ultrasonic/microwave-assisted method was used to extract isoflavone from black soybeans,and the effects of ethanol volume fraction,ratio of material(g) to liquid(mL),ultrasonic wave power,microwave power and microwave time on extraction yield were studied.Based on the single factor experiments,ratio of material to liquid,ultrasonic wave power and microwave power were selected as the main factors influencing the extraction yield.Optimal conditions were then obtained by response surface method using extraction yield as the evaluation index and mathematical regression models were established.【Result】Single factor tests showed that the five factors selected had different effects on yield of black soybean isoflavones.The maximum yields of 0.421%,0.430%,0.419%,0.439%,and 0.431% when the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶20,the ultrasonic wave power was 300 W,the microwave power was 400 W,the microwave time was 120 s,and the ethanol volume was 60%,respectively.Optimal conditions obtained by response surface methodology were:ratio of material to liquid 1∶20,ultrasonic power 310 W,microwave power 420 W,volume fraction of eth anol 62%,and micro wave power 120 s.Under the optimal conditions,the extraction yield of black soybean isoflavones was (0.473±0.005)%,which was 6.9% higher than that single factor tests.【Conclusion】The method of ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction of isoflavone from black soybeans had the advantages of simple operation,short time and high extraction yield.This study provides theoretical basis for further development of black soybean resources. |
| Key words: black soybean isoflavone ultrasonic microwave response surface methodology |
