| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对红花玉兰（Magnolia wufengensis）大、小孢子发生及雌、雄配子体发育过程进行显微观察，探讨其自然状态下结籽率低的原因。【方法】于2012年5月红花玉兰花芽分化开始每月采花芽1次，直至次年开花，采用常规石蜡切片法制片,对红花玉兰大、小孢子发生及雌、雄配子体发育进行详细的细胞学观察。【结果】红花玉兰雌蕊成熟时倒生胚珠，双珠被，厚珠心，大孢子为单胞子发生型，成熟胚囊为7胞8核胚囊，蓼型胚囊发育方式。雄蕊花药四室，腺质型绒毡层，成熟花粉粒为二细胞型。【结论】红花玉兰大、小孢子发生以及雌、雄配子体发育过程中未见异常现象，因此该物种雌、雄蕊发育不是导致其濒危的因素。 |
| 关键词: 红花玉兰 大孢子发生 小孢子发生 雌、雄配子体发育 细胞学观察 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“红花玉兰及多瓣红花玉兰花器官特征决定B类基因表达模式和功能分析”（31170625）；国家林业公益性行业科研专项“红花玉兰品种选育与规模化繁殖技术研究”（201504704）；北京市科技计划项目“首都平原百万亩造林科技支撑工程”（Z121100008512002）；国家林业局林业科学技术研究项目“红花玉兰种质资源收集保护、遗传测定与开发”（2006-39） |
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| Sporogenesis and gametophytes development of Magnolia wufengensis |
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CHEN Liyuan,SANG Ziyang,CHEN Faju,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The genesis of megaspore,microspore,and development of male and female gametophyte populations of Magnolia wufengensis were studied to understand the causes of natural regeneration difficulties.【Method】The genesis of megaspore and microspore,and development of male and female gametophyte were observed and studied by cytology observation of M.wufengensis paraffin section every month from May 2012 to flowering of next year.【Result】Characteristics of mature M.wufengensis pistil include anatropous ovule,two layers of integument,thick nucellus,single-spore megasporogenesis,and seven-cell structured polygonum embryo sac assembling with eight nuclei.Stamens have four roomed anthers,glandular tapetum,and two-cellular mature pollen.【Conclusion】Microsporogenesis and development of female and male gametophytes of M.wufengensis were normal,which is not the reason of species scarcity. |
| Key words: Magnolia wufengensis megasporogenesis microsporogenesis female and male gametophyte development cytological observation |
