| 摘要: |
| 采用L18（37）正交试验设计施肥处理，观测了施肥对大扁杏雌蕊发育状况的影响，并测定了相关的抗旱生理指标。结果表明，秋季土壤施肥可以提高大扁杏完全花的比例，且主要是增加短果枝、花束状果枝上完全花的数量；其最佳土壤施肥量为每株施N肥0.3 kg，P肥0.21 kg；土壤施肥和叶面喷肥相结合可以调整大扁杏树体内的渗透调节物质的含量，从而提高大扁杏对干旱环境的适应性。在淳化县大扁杏栽培中，提高大扁杏叶中叶绿素含量的最佳施肥方案是，秋季每株土壤施用氮肥0.3 kg，磷肥0.21 kg，春季叶面喷施0.4 g/L稀土;提高大扁杏叶中脯氨酸含量的最佳施肥方案是，秋季每株土壤施用氮肥0.3 kg，磷肥0.21 kg，春季叶面喷施0.6 g/L稀土;提高大扁杏叶中可溶性糖含量的最佳施肥方案为，每株叶面喷施0.4 g/L稀土;降低大扁杏叶片饱和亏的最佳施肥方案为，每株施氮肥0.3 kg，磷肥0.21 kg，叶面喷施0.2 g/L稀土。 |
| 关键词: 大扁杏 土壤施肥 叶面喷肥 渗透调节 雌蕊发育 抗旱生理特性 |
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| 基金项目:杨凌农业高新技术产业示范区科研专项基金(99KG19) |
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| Effects of fertilizer on pistil upgrowth and drought-resistance physiological characteristic of Armeniaca vulgaris×Sibirica |
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| Abstract: |
| The pistil upgrowth of Armeniaca vulgaris×Siberia was observed and the relative index of drought resistance physiological characteristic was measured under different fertilize treatments of L18（37） orthogonal experiments design.The result of this experiment indicated:Fertilize application to soil surrounded the tree root in early winter could improve the ratio of complete-blossom of Armeniaca vulgaris×Siberia,especially enlarge the quantity of complete blossom on short branches and mini branches.The best level in this experiment to increase the ratio of complete-blossom is:nitrogen 0.3 kg,potassium 0.21 kg to soil.In this experiment,the most efficient method to increase chlorophyll content is:nitrogen nutrition 0.3 kg and potassium nutrition 0.21 kg to soil surrounded the tree root in early winter,0.4 g/L of rare earth elements (REEs) to the leaves in the following spring.The most efficient method to increase proline content is:nitrogen nutrition 0.3 kg and potassium nutrition 0.21 kg to soil surrounded the tree root in early winter,0.6 g/L of REEs to the leaves in the following spring.The most efficient method in this experiment to increase deliquescent sugar content is:0.4 g/L of REEs to the leaves in spring.The most efficient method in this experiment to decrease the saturation water deficit is:nitrogen 0.3 kg and potassium 0.21 kg to soil surrounded the tree root in early winter,0.2 g/L of REEs to the leaves in the following spring. |
| Key words: Armeniaca vulgaris×Sibirica soil fertilization leaf spray osmotic adjustment pistil upgrowth physiological characteristics of drought resistance |
