| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确不同种植年限稻蒜轮作土壤酸化特征及程度，为稻蒜轮作施肥管理及维持水稻土pH值稳定提供理论依据。【方法】以成都平原为研究区域，分析不同稻蒜轮作年限（G0：稻麦轮作20年；G10：稻蒜轮作10年；G15：稻蒜轮作15年；G20：稻蒜轮作20年）下土壤酸度、交换性阳离子和水溶性阴阳离子含量演变特征，并借助结构方程模型揭示交换性酸、水解性酸、交换性阳离子和水溶性阴阳离子对pH的影响路径。【结果】稻麦轮作改为稻蒜轮作后，除15~30 cm土层外，各土层pH显著下降；0~15 cm土层各酸化指标差异显著，水解性酸、水溶性阴阳离子及交换性Al3+含量均在G20达到最大值，交换性酸在G15达到最大值，交换性K+和Na+含量逐年降低，交换性Ca2+含量逐年增加，交换性Mg2+含量差异不显著；15~30 cm和30~45 cm土层中各酸化特征差异较小。各酸化特征指标与pH都表现为极显著负相关。路径分析结果表明，水溶性阴阳离子间接影响pH，水解性酸直接影响pH且影响程度最大，而交换性阳离子对pH既有直接影响又有间接影响。【结论】稻麦轮作改为稻蒜轮作后，土壤酸化程度加剧，且表土层酸化更显著，因此合理调控化肥的施用是控制土壤酸化的重要措施。 |
| 关键词: 稻蒜轮作 种植年限 土壤酸化特征 土壤交换性阳离子 土壤水溶性离子 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.jnwafu.2026.02.007 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1901405-06） |
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| Characteristics of soil acidity under rice-garlic crop rotation of different years |
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QIAN Manting, YANG Qianying, CAI Yan, GUO Lingke
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College of Resources,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study aims to clarify the characteristics of soil acidification in rice-garlic rotation of different planting years,to provide theoretical basis for the rice-garlic rotation fertilization management and pH maintenance of rice soil.【Method】Taking Chengdu Plain as the study area,this study analyzed the soil acidity,and the content of ex-cations and water-soluble ions under rice-garlic rotation of different years (G0:20 years of rice wheat rotation;G10:10 years of rice-garlic rotation;G15:15 years of rice-garlic rotation;and G20:20 years of rice-garlic rotation),and revealed the influencing path of ex-acid,hydrolyzable acid,soil ex-cations and water-soluble anions and cations on pH by using the structural equation modelling.【Result】After the rotation pattern was changed from rice-wheat to rice-garlic,the pH of each soil layer decreased significantly,except for the 15-30 cm soil layer.Significant difference in acidity indexes was observed in the 0-15 cm soil layer.The content of hydrolyzable acid,water-soluble ions and exchangeable Al3+ all reached their maximum at G20,and ex-acid at G15.The content of K+ and Na+ decreased year by year,the content of Ca2+ increased year by year,and the content of Mg2+ showed no significant difference.The differences in the acidity characteristics were less significant in the 15-30 cm and 30-45 cm soil layers.All of the acidity characteristics showed highly significant negative correlation with pH.The path analysis showed the water-soluble anions and cations indirectly affected the pH,the hydrolyzable acid directly affected the pH with the greatest impact,and the exchangeable cations both directly and indirectly affected the pH.【Conclusion】 After the rotation pattern was changed from rice-wheat to rice-garlic,soil acidity was intensified,especially in the topsoil layer.Therefore,rational management of fertilizer application is a key measure for controlling soil acidity. |
| Key words: rice-garlic rotation planting years soil acidity characteristics soil ex-cations soil water-soluble ions |
