| 摘要: |
| 【目的】山葡萄(Vitis amurensis Rupr.)为葡萄属中最抗寒的一个种群，多为两性花，在我国东北地区分布广泛。研究多胺对山葡萄性别分化的影响，为强化山葡萄种质资源利用和完善葡萄花发育提供参考。【方法】以山葡萄两性花品种双丰、双红、双优以及雄株品种043，75030和75134为试验材料，采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定性别分化关键期花蕾中内源多胺（包括精胺（Spm）、亚精胺（Spd）和腐胺（Put））的含量，并分析其比值；采用细胞分裂素（CPPU）处理雄株75134，使其转换为两性花株，并分析其性别转换过程中多胺含量的变化以及比值与性别形成的关系；分析CPPU处理雄株75134与对照的转录组信息，探究与山葡萄性别转换相关的重要代谢途径和关键基因。【结果】在性别分化关键期，与雄株相比，山葡萄两性花花蕾具有较高的Spm、Spd含量以及较大的Spd/Put、Spm/Put和（Spd+Spm）/Put比值。经过CPPU处理后山葡萄雄株转变成两性花植株，伴随着花蕾内Put含量减少，Spd和Spm含量增加。差异基因的层次聚类结果共分为73组，其中第34组中含有转运多胺的ATP酶活性基因，其富集程度达差异显著水平。KEGG结果表明，精胺代谢途径和β-丙氨酸代谢途径参与山葡萄性别转换；结合代谢通路分析和基因注释，节点［1.5.3.16］为精胺代谢途径与β-丙氨酸代谢途径共同注释的差异基因，对应基因注释为精胺脱氧酶基因5［Vitis vinifera］。【结论】多胺参与山葡萄的性别分化，精胺代谢途径和β 丙氨酸代谢途径为山葡萄性别转换的重要途径，精胺脱氧酶基因5是一个重要的调节基因。 |
| 关键词: 山葡萄 内源多胺 细胞分裂素（CPPU） 性别分化 葡萄栽培 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.jnwafu.2026.01.004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:吉林省农业科技基本科研项目（KYJF2021JQ102）；现代农业产业技术体系-葡萄-公主岭综合试验站项目（Cars29-8） |
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| Effects of endogenous polyamines on sex differentiation in Vitis amurensis |
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BAI Ruiwen1, ZOU Liren1, YAN Ke1, QI Xiaoguang1, LIU Chang2, GUO Yuqi2, WANG Siqi3, WEN Jinghui1, GUO Xiuwu4, SHEN Hailin1
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1.Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China，Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun，Jilin 130033,China;2.College of Horticulture，Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun，Jilin 130118,China;3.College of Agriculture,Yanbian University,Yanji，Jilin 133000,China;4.College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang，Liaoning 110866,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Vitis amurensis is the most cold-resistant species in the genus,bearing mostly hermaphroditic flowers,and is widely distributed in Northeast China.This study aimed to investigate the effects of polyamines on sex differentiation in V.amurensis,thereby providing critical insights for enhancing the utilization of its germplasm resources and improving grape flower development.【Method】The hermaphroditic flowers Shuangfeng,Shuanghong,Shuangyou and male plants 043,75030,75134 of V.amurensis were used as experimental materials.The content of endogenous polyamines,including spermine (Spm),spermidine (Spd),and putrescine (Put),in flower buds during the critical sex differentiation phase was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),and their ratios were analyzed.The male plants 75134 were transformed into hermaphroditic flowers through cytokinin (CPPU) treatment.The changes in polyamine content during sex conversion process and the relationship between their ratios and sex formation were analyzed.Additionally,transcriptome analysis was conducted on male plants 75134 by CPPU treatment and the control group to identify critical metabolic pathways and key genes associated with sex conversion in V.amurensis.【Result】During the critical period of sex differentiation,compared with male plants,the flower buds of hermaphroditic plants of V.amurensis exhibited higher Spm and Spd contents,as well as larger Spd/Put,Spm/Put,and (Spd+Spm)/Put ratios.After CPPU treatment,male plants were transformed into hermaphroditic plants,accompanied by a decrease in Put content and an increase in Spd and Spm contents in the flower buds.Hierarchical clustering results of differentially expressed genes divided them into 73 clusters.Cluster 34 contained genes encoding ATPases involved in polyamine transport,showing significant enrichment. The KEGG results indicated that the spermine metabolic pathway and the β-alanine metabolic pathway were involved in the sex conversion in V.amurensis.Furthermore,combined analysis of metabolic pathway and gene annotations identified node ［1.5.3.16］ as a differentially expressed gene commonly annotated in both arginine metabolic pathway and β-alanine metabolic pathway,corresponding to the gene annotation of spermine deoxyase gene 5 ［V.vinifera］.【Conclusion】Polyamines are involved in the sex differentiation of V.amurensis.The spermine metabolic pathway and the β-alanine metabolic pathway are critical for sex conversion in V.amurensis,with the spermine deoxyase gene 5 identified as a key regulatory gene. |
| Key words: Vitis amurensis endogenous polyamines cytokinin(CPPU) gender differentiation grape culture |
