| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究3种植物生长调节剂（PBO、优控和调环酸钙）对新培育的‘秦帅’苹果新梢生长和果实品质的影响，以筛选对‘秦帅’苹果控旺和果实品质提升效果最佳的生长调节剂。【方法】以5年生‘秦帅’苹果为试验材料，在幼果期和果实膨大期，每隔15 d分别使用900 mg/L PBO、1 000 mg/L优控和300 mg/L调环酸钙水溶液进行叶面喷施，共喷施3次，并以喷施清水为对照，研究喷施3种植物生长调节剂对‘秦帅’苹果新梢生长、叶片C/N、叶片叶绿素相对含量和光合特性以及果实品质等的影响，并采用隶属函数法对其喷施效果进行综合评价。【结果】与对照相比，喷施3种植物生长调节剂均可显著抑制‘秦帅’苹果新梢长度增加、促进新梢粗度生长、提升叶片C/N，并显著提高叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度；喷施优控和调环酸钙还可显著增加叶绿素相对含量、降低叶片胞间CO2浓度，但喷施PBO对叶绿素相对含量的增加作用和对叶片胞间CO2浓度的降低作用与对照相比不明显。与对照相比，喷施3种植物生长调节剂均可显著提高果实单果质量、可溶性固形物含量，但对果形指数、果实硬度、果实VC和可滴定酸含量以及果面明亮度、红色饱和度、黄色饱和度的提升作用不明显。综合评价结果表明，喷施调环酸钙对‘秦帅’苹果新梢控旺、促进光合、提升果实品质的效果总体最优，其次为优控处理，再次为PBO处理。【结论】合理喷施调环酸钙、优控和PBO对‘秦帅’苹果新梢控旺和果实品质提升有积极作用，其中喷施调环酸钙效果最佳。 |
| 关键词: ‘秦帅’苹果 植物生长调节剂 控旺 果实品质 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.12.015 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划苹果品质调控和高效生产关键技术及集成示范（2023YFD2301003）;国家苹果产业技术体系项目（CARS-27） |
|
| Effects of three plant growth regulators on new shoot growth and fruit quality of ‘Qinshuai’ apple |
|
WANG Pengli1, ZHUANG Liping1, HU Wen1, MA Yongsheng2, ZOU Yangjun1
|
|
1.College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712110,China;2.Yan’an Fruit Industry Research and Development Center,Luochuan,Shaanxi 727400,China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to investigate the effects of three plant growth regulators (PBO,UC and calcium cyclamate) on the growth of new shoots and fruit quality of newly cultivated ‘Qinshuai’ apples,to provide a reference for the selection of optimal growth regulators for controlling exuberance and improving fruit quality of ‘Qinshuai’ apples.【Method】Five-year-old ‘Qinshuai’ apples were used as test materials,and foliar sprays of 900 mg/L PBO,1 000 mg/L U-control,and 300 mg/L calcium cyclamate water solutions were applied every 15 days during the young fruit stage and the fruit expansion stage,for a total of three times,with pure water spraying as the control.The effects of spraying the three plant growth regulators on the growth of new shoots,leaf C/N ratio,leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics,and fruit quality of ‘Qinshuai’ apples was investigated,and affiliation function method was used to evaluate their spraying effects.【Result】Compared with the control,spraying the three plant growth regulators significantly inhibited the increase in length of new shoots of ‘Qinshuai’ apple,but increased new shoots roughness and the leaf C/N ratio,and significantly increased the leaf net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance.The spraying of U-control and calcium cyclamate also significantly increased the relative chlorophyll content and reduced the leaf inter-cellular CO2 concentration,but the effects of spraying PBO on the increase of the relative chlorophyll content and the reduction of the leaf inter-cellular CO2 concentration were not significant compared with the control.Compared with the control,spraying the three plant growth regulators significantly increased the single fruit mass and soluble solids content,but the improving effect on the fruit shape index,fruit hardness,fruit VC and titratable acid content,as well as fruit surface brightness,red saturation,and yellow saturation was not significant.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the spraying of calcium cyclamate had the best effect on the control of new shoots,promotion of photosynthesis,and improvement of fruit quality of ‘Qinshuai’ apple,followed by the U-control treatment,and then the PBO treatment.【Conclusion】Reasonable spraying of calcium cyclamate,U-control and PBO had positive effects on the growth control of new shoots and fruit quality of ‘Qinshuai’ apples,among which the spraying of calcium cyclamate had the best effect. |
| Key words: ‘Qinshuai’ apple plant growth regulator vigor control fruit quality |
