| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究蚯蚓粪对兰州百合根际土壤微生物群落及其鳞茎糖代谢的影响，为兰州百合的优质栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以兰州百合（Lilium davidii var.unicolor）为试材，设置沙土（T1）和蚯蚓粪（T2）2个处理进行种植，于采收期（10月2日）在距离兰州百合植株根系10 cm处，利用土钻按五点取样法采集0～20 cm土层土壤样品，测定其理化性质，并采用宏基因组学分析不同处理兰州百合根际土壤微生物的多样性；于采收期（10月2日）选取兰州百合完整植株，在无菌条件下用无菌水清洗百合鳞茎，采用代谢组学研究不同处理兰州百合鳞茎糖代谢物的差异，并分析其富集通路；采用Pearson相关系数分析差异代谢物与土壤微生物的相关性。【结果】①与沙土（T1）处理相比，蚯蚓粪（T2）处理兰州百合根际土壤全氮、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别显著提高了8.93%，56.03%，9.90%和26.43%（P<0.05）；电导率、全磷和有机质含量分别增加了15.09%，2.72%和4.95%，但与T1处理差异不显著； pH显著降低了3.71%（P<0.05）。②与沙土（T1）处理相比，蚯蚓粪（T2）处理兰州百合根际土壤的Shannon指数和Simpson指数均显著升高，但Chao 1指数却显著降低，说明蚯蚓粪处理后兰州百合根际土壤微生物的物种多样性和物种优势度显著升高，但其群落物种的丰富度则显著降低。③与T1处理相比，T2处理兰州百合根际土壤微生物优势菌门变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和类杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）的相对丰度分别增加了8.08%和93.80%，但酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）的相对丰度则降低了54.50%；优势菌属黄杆菌属（Flavobacterium）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）和拉氏噬冷菌属（Algoriphagus）的相对丰度分别增加了214.00%，248.65%和924.64%，但亚硝化单胞菌属（Nitrosomonas）的相对丰度则下降了13.54%；优势菌种微酸菌_细菌（Acidobacteria_bacterium）、β-变形菌_细菌（Betaproteobacteria_bacterium）和Gammaproteobacteria_bacterium的相对丰度分别下降了127.97%，94.94%和70.91%。④采用代谢组学从不同处理兰州百合鳞茎糖代谢中筛选出38种差异代谢物，其中29种代谢物显著上调，9种代谢物显著下调。KEGG富集结果表明，筛选的38种差异代谢物共富集到5条代谢通路，分别为半乳糖代谢、烟酸和烟酰胺代谢、ABC转运体、抗坏血酸和醛酸代谢、果糖与甘露糖代谢，其中富集到差异代谢物最多且最显著的是半乳糖代谢途径。⑤相关性分析结果表明，疣微菌门、奇古菌门、绿湾菌门、硝化螺旋菌门均与上调幅度前10的差异代谢物存在极显著相关关系（P<0.01），其中疣微菌门和绿湾菌门与差异代谢物主要表现为正相关，而奇古菌门和硝化螺旋菌门与差异代谢物主要表现为负相关。【结论】蚯蚓粪种植改善了兰州百合根际土壤的理化性质和微生物群落结构，提高了兰州百合鳞茎中糖类代谢物的表达水平，是提升兰州百合鳞茎品质的一种理想栽培基质。 |
| 关键词: 兰州百合 蚯蚓粪 糖代谢 土壤微生物 百合栽培 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.07.013 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2021BBF02025）;教育部春晖计划项目（Z2016028）;中国西部一流建设学科项目（园艺学NXYLXK2017B03） |
|
| Effects of earthworm castings on microorganisms community in rhizosphere soil of Lanzhou lily and sugar metabolism in its bulbs |
|
DANG Xin1, ZHANG Ping2, MA Ying1, BU Hubai1, SHA Xiaorong1, WANG Jianming1, LI Buran1, JIN Lei2
|
|
1.School of Enology and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;2.School of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to study the effects of earthworm casting on rhizosphere soil microorganisms and sugar metabolism in bulbs,providing a theoretical basis for quality cultivation of Lanzhou lily.【Method】With Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii var.unicolor) as the test material,two treatments were set up:T1-soil planting,T2-earthworm castings planting.Soil samples from the 0-20 cm soil layer were collected during the harvesting date (October 2nd) at a distance of 10 cm from the root system of Lanzhou lily plants using a soil auger with the five-point sampling method.The physical and chemical properties of the soil samples were measured,and macrogenomics was also used to analyse the microorganism diversity of rhizosphere soil in different treatments of Lanzhou lily.Whole plants of Lanzhou lily were selected at harvest date (October 2nd) and their bulbs were washed with sterile water under aseptic conditions.Metabolomics was used to analyze differential metabolites of sugars and their enrichment pathways in Lanzhou lily bulbs of different treatments,and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between differential metabolites and soil microorganisms.【Result】① Compared with soil treatment (T1),the total N,available N,available P and available K content of earthworm castings treatment (T2) were significantly increased by 8.93%,56.03%,9.90% and 26.43% （P<0.05）.EC,total P content and organic matter content were insignificantly increased by 15.09%,2.72% and 4.95%.And the pH of T2 was significantly decreased by 3.71%（P<0.05）.② Compared with soil treatment (T1),the Shannon index and Simpson index of the rhizosphere soil of Lanzhou lily were significantly increased but the Chao 1 index was significantly decreased in the earthworm castings treatment (T2),indicating that the species diversity and species dominance of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of Lanzhou lily were significantly increased after earthworm castings treatment,while the richness of their community species was significantly decreased.③ Compared with T1 treatment,the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial phylum Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in the rhizosphere soil microorganisms of Lanzhou lily of T2 treatment was increased by 8.08% and 93.80%,respectively,while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria decreased by 54.50%.The relative abundance of the dominant genera Flavobacterium,Pseudomonas and Algoriphagus increased by 214.00%,248.65% and 924.64%,respectively,but the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas decreased by 13.54%.The relative abundance of the dominant species Acidobacteria_bacterium,Betaproteobacteria_bacterium and Gammaproteobacteria_bacterium decreased by 127.97%,94.94% and 70.91%,respectively.④ 38 differential metabolites of sugars were screened by metabolomics analysis,of which 29 metabolites were significantly up-regulated,9 metabolites were significantly down-regulated.38 differential metabolites screened were enriched into five metabolic pathways,which were galactose metabolism,nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism,ABC transporters,ascorbate and aldarate metabolism,fructose and mannose metabolism,and the most abundant and significant enrichment to differential metabolites was galactose metabolism pathway.⑤ Correlation analyses showed highly significant correlations between Verrucomicrobium,Thaumarchaeota,Chloroflexi,Nitrospirae and top 10 differential metabolites up-regulated（P<0.01）,with Verrucomicrobium and Chloroflexi showing mainly positive correlations with differential metabolites,and Thaumarchaeota,Nitrospirae showing mainly negative correlations with differential metabolites.【Conclusion】Earthworm castings cultivation can improve the physicochemical properties and microbial composition of the rhizosphere soil of Lanzhou lily,and promote the expression of sugar metabolites in Lanzhou lily bulbs,which is an ideal cultivation substrate to enhance the quality of Lanzhou lily bulbs. |
| Key words: Lanzhou lily earthworm castings sugar metabolism soil microorganisms lily cultivation |
