| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨高精料日粮对奶山羊肝脏抗氧化能力的影响及其作用机制。【方法】选用12只体质量相近的健康关中奶山羊，随机平均分为对照组和试验组，分别饲喂精粗料质量比为35∶65和65∶35的日粮19周。试验结束后，测定奶山羊体质量和肝质量，计算肝脏指数；采集血样，检测血常规指标和血清生化指标；采集肝脏组织，制备石蜡切片，HE染色观察肝脏组织形态；利用试剂盒检测肝脏中还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）含量和总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性及总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）；采用实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）检测抗氧化相关基因（谷胱甘肽途径相关基因GCLC、GCLM、Gs、Gpx1、Gpx3和GR，Nrf 2靶基因Nqo1、Ho-1、Ho-2、Mgst1、CAT、SOD1和SOD2，Nrf 2调控基因Pgc-1α和Foxo3以及Nrf 2、Keap1）的表达量。【结果】①试验组奶山羊的血液红细胞数及血清球蛋白含量和谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），其他指标差异均不显著。②试验组奶山羊的体质量、肝脏质量和肝脏指数均显著或极显著高于对照组。③试验组奶山羊肝脏组织还原型GSH含量极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01），GSH-Px、CAT、T-SOD活性及T-AOC和MDA含量与对照组无显著差异。④对照组奶山羊肝脏组织结构正常；试验组羊的肝脏出现病理变化，肝索形态不规则且界限不清晰，肝细胞排列不规律，且体积变大，出现空泡。⑤试验组肝脏组织GCLC、Gpx3和CAT基因表达量均极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01），GCLM、Gpx1、Ho-1、Ho-2、Keap1、Nrf 2、Pgc-1α和Foxo3基因表达量均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。【结论】高精料日粮可导致奶山羊肝脏损伤，但同时也能促进肝脏适应性生长发育，并通过激活Nrf 2信号通路增强抗氧化功能，促进谷胱甘肽合成，以抵御氧化应激，缓解肝脏的代谢压力。 |
| 关键词: 高精料日粮 奶山羊 核因子E2相关因子2 谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统 抗氧化功能 |
| DOI：DOI:10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.06.002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省国际科技合作计划项目-重点项目（2021KWZ-22）；福建省家禽传染病防治与生物技术重点实验室开放基金项目(ZDSYS2020003) |
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| Effect of high-concentrate diets on the antioxidant function of dairy goat liver |
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JIAN Xiaoqian1, WANG Hua2, LI Hanmei1, YUAN Feifan1, BAILI Gekou1, LI Xian1, CHEN Shulin1, CONG Rihua1
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1.College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;2.Shaanxi General Station of Aquatic Research and Technology Promotion,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710005,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to investigate the effects of high concentrate diets on the antioxidant capacity of dairy goat liver and its mechanism of action.【Method】Twelve healthy Guanzhong dairy goats with similar body mass were randomly and equally divided into control group and experimental group,and fed with diets in concentrate to roughage ratios of 35∶65 and 65∶35 for 19 weeks,respectively.At the end of the experiment,the body mass and liver mass of the dairy goats were measured, and the liver index was calculated.The blood of the diary goats was collected to test the blood routine indexes and serum biochemical indexes.Liver tissues were collected and made into for paraffin sections,and the morphology of liver tissues was observed by HE staining.The content of reduced glutathione (GSH),and malondialdehyde (MDA),and the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD),catalase (CAT),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were measured with the kits.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of antioxidant-related genes (glutathione pathway-related genes,GCLC,GCLM,Gs,Gpx1,Gpx3 and GR,Nrf 2 target genes,Nqo1,Ho-1,Ho-2,Mgst1,CAT,SOD1 and SOD2,Nrf 2 regulated genes Pgc-1α and Foxo3 as well as Nrf 2,Keap1).【Result】① The blood erythrocyte count,serum globulin content and ghrelin activity of dairy goats in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05),while no significant difference was observed in other indexes.② The body mass,liver mass and liver index of dairy goats in the test group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the control group.③ The reduced GSH content of liver tissues in the test group was extremely significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.01),and no significant difference was observed in the GSH-Px,CAT,T-SOD activities and T-AOC and MDA contents between the test group and the control group.④ The liver of dairy goats in the control group were normal in tissue structure,while the livers of the test group showed pathological changes,which were manifested as irregular morphology and unclear boundaries of the hepatic cord,irregular arrangement of the hepatocytes,enlarged hepatocyte volume and vacuoles. ⑤ The expression level of GCLC,Gpx3 and CAT in the liver tissues of the test group was extremely significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.01), and the expression level of GCLM,Gpx1,Ho-1,Ho-22,Keap1,Nrf 2,Pgc-1α and Foxo3 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】High-concentrate diets can lead to liver injury in dairy goats,but also adaptively promote liver growth and development.It can also enhance antioxidant function through activation of the Nrf 2 signaling pathway, and promote glutathione synthesis to resist oxidative stress and alleviate metabolic stress in the liver. |
| Key words: high-concentrate diets dairy goats nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 glutathione redox system antioxidant function |
