| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究复合微生态制剂对妊娠期獭兔血液生化指标、免疫和抗氧化能力及肠道微生物多样性的影响。【方法】选取120只3～4胎次同期配种妊娠期獭兔,随机分为对照组和试验1,2,3组，每组30只，对照组饲喂基础日粮，试验1,2,3组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加15.0，30.0和45.0 g/kg复合微生态制剂的试验日粮，试验期共31 d（配种前7 d至妊娠第24天）。试验结束后，统计试验兔淘汰率和平均日采食量；采集血样，测定血液生化指标（血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量和谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、谷氨酸转氨酶活性）、免疫指标（IgA、IgM、IgG含量）及抗氧化指标（过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量）；采集粪便样本，通过16S rRNA高通量测序分析试验兔肠道微生物多样性。【结果】①与对照组相比，试验组獭兔淘汰率均有所降低，平均日采食量无显著变化（P＞0.05）。②复合微生态制剂对妊娠期獭兔血液生化指标无显著影响（P＞0.05）。③与对照组相比，试验1,2,3组妊娠期獭兔血浆IgG、IgA、IgM含量均提高，其中试验1组IgG显著提高了13.79%（P＜0.05）,试验2组极显著提高了24.22%（P＜0.01）；试验1,2,3组的IgA含量分别显著提高了8.05%，8.32%和7.11%（P＜0.05）；试验1,2组IgM含量分别极显著提高了17.31%和23.11%（P＜0.01）。④与对照组相比，试验1,2,3组妊娠期獭兔血浆超氧化物歧化酶活性无显著差异，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性分别极显著提高了22.90%，41.16%和22.05%（P＜0.01），试验2组过氧化氢酶活性极显著提高了23.72%（P＜0.01）。试验1和2组丙二醛含量较对照组分别极显著降低了13.27%和24.35%（P＜0.01）。⑤与对照组相比，试验2组妊娠期獭兔肠道菌群中拟杆菌门、理研菌科和理研菌科RC9菌群的相对丰度均显著高于其他组（P＜0.05），试验1和3组肠道菌群物种丰度指数中Chao 1指数、Shannon指数、Ace指数均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。【结论】日粮添加复合微生态制剂可以提高妊娠期獭兔的免疫及抗氧化能力，改善肠道菌群结构，促进肠道健康。本试验条件下复合微生态制剂的添加剂量以30.0 g/kg为宜。 |
| 关键词: 妊娠期獭兔 复合微生态制剂 血液生化指标 免疫及抗氧化能力 肠道微生物 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.05.002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省农业创新驱动项目(NYKJ-2021-YL(XN)26J) |
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| Effects of compound probiotics on blood indexes and intestinal microorganisms of pregnant Rex rabbits |
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ZHAO Chengcheng, DONG Hongyu, WANG Shuhui, DONG Xianggui, SONG Bing, REN Zhanjun
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College of Animal Science and Technology，Northwest A&F University，Yangling，Shaanxi 712100，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to investigate the effects of compound probiotics on blood biochemistry index，immune and antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbial diversity of pregnant Rex rabbits.【Method】A total of 120 pregnant Rex rabbits with 3-4 parities were randomly divided into control group and experimental groups 1，2 and 3，with 30 rabbits in each group.The control group was fed with basal diet，and the experimental groups 1，2 and 3 were fed with basal diet supplemented with compound probiotics of 15.0，30.0 and 45.0 g/kg，respectively.The experimental period was 31 days (the 7th day before mating to the 24th day after pregnancy).At the end of the experiment，the elimination rate and average daily feed intake of rabbits were counted.Blood samples were collected to determine blood biochemical indexes (Contents of total protein，albumin，urea nitrogen，total cholesterol，triglyceride and activities of aspartate aminotransferase，lactate dehydrogenase，alanine aminotransferase in plasma)，immune indexes (IgA，IgM，IgG content) and antioxidant indexes (catalase，glutathione peroxidase，superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content).Fecal samples were collected to analyze the intestinal microbial diversity of the experimental rabbits with 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.【Result】① Compared with the control group，the supplementation of compound probiotics could effectively reduce the elimination rate of Rex rabbits，and the test group 2 decreased by 66.65%.In addition，the intake of compound probiotics had no significant effect on the average daily feed intake of Rex rabbits (P＞0.05).② In terms of blood biochemical indexes，the results showed that the supplementation of compound probiotics had no significant effect on blood biochemical indexes of Rex rabbits (P＞0.05).③ Compared with the control group，the contents of IgG，IgA and IgM in plasma of Rex rabbits in groups 1，2 and 3 were increased.The IgG content in plasma of pregnant Rex rabbits in experimental group 1 was significantly increased by 13.79% (P＜0.05),and group 2 significantly increased by 24.22% (P＜0.01).The content of IgA in groups 1，2 and 3 were significantly increased by 8.05%，8.32% and 7.11% (P＜0.05)，and the content of IgM in plasma of Rex rabbits in groups 1 and group 2 increased by 17.31% and 23.11% (P＜0.01).④ In terms of antioxidant properties，compared with the control group，the glutathione peroxidase activity in the plasma of pregnant Rex rabbits in the experimental groups 1，2 and 3 increased by 22.90%，41.16% and 22.05 %，respectively (P＜0.01).The catalase (CAT) activity in the experimental group 2 increased by 23.72% (P＜0.01)，and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the plasma of pregnant Rex rabbits in the experimental groups 1 and 2 decreased by 13.27% and 24.35% compared with the control group，respectively (P＜0.01).⑤ The relative abundance of Bcteroidetes，Rikenellaceae and Rikenellaceae _ RC9 _ gut _ group in the fecal flora of pregnant Rex rabbits in group 2 was significantly higher than those in other groups (P＜0.05).Among all the species abundance index，the Chao 1 index，Shannon index and Ace index of fecal flora in the experimental groups 1 and 3 were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】In conclusion，the addition of compound microecological preparations to the diet can improve the immune and antioxidant properties of pregnant Rex rabbits，improve the structure of intestinal flora，and promote intestinal health.The best additive amount of compound microecological preparations is 30.0 g/kg. |
| Key words: pregnant Rex rabbit compound microecological preparations blood biochemistry index immunity and antioxidation capacity intestinal microorganisms |
