| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究阿尔泰山富蕴地区草地群落的结构、生物量、物种多样性及其与环境因子的关系，为研究区草地保护和可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】2022年7月，在新疆阿尔泰山富蕴地区选取13个有代表性的草地群落样地，调查样地中物种数量、各物种的个体数和盖度等，测定样地中草地群落地上生物量、Sorenson相似性系数及物种多样性（Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数、Shannon Wiener多样性指数和Alatalo均匀度指数），并分析地上生物量、物种多样性与环境因子（经度、纬度、海拔、坡度、月均气温、月均降水量、腐殖质层厚度）的相关性。【结果】阿尔泰山富蕴地区草地群落植物共计18科25属25种，主要为菊科、蔷薇科、禾本科和豆科植物，植被生活型以多年生草本和一年生草本为主。各样地草地群落间Sorenson相似性系数均较低，地上生物量和物种多样性存在明显差异。地上生物量与Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon Wiener多样性指数和Alatalo均匀度指数之间均存在显著的三次函数关系。相关性分析结果表明，地上生物量与海拔之间呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），与经度呈显著正相关（P<0.05），与纬度呈显著负相关（P<0.05）；Margalef丰富度指数与经度呈显著正相关（P<0.05），与纬度则呈现出极显著负相关（P<0.01）；Simpson优势度指数与坡度存在显著负相关关系（P<0.05）；Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与纬度存在显著负相关关系（P<0.05）；Alatalo均匀度指数与海拔之间呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。盖度、月均气温、月均降水量、腐殖质层厚度与地上生物量、物种多样性指数均无显著相关性（P>0.05）。【结论】阿尔泰山富蕴草地群落结构相对简单，海拔、经度、纬度和坡度对地上生物量和物种多样性指数影响较大。 |
| 关键词: 阿尔泰山富蕴地区 草地群落结构 地上生物量 物种多样性 环境因子 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.04.012 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42161004）；国家自然科学基金委和新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府（NSFC-新疆）联合基金项目（U1803245） |
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| Biomass and species diversity of grassland communities and their correlation with environmental factors in Fuyun area,Altai Mountains |
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ZENG Guoyan1,2, YE Mao1,2, LI Miaomiao1,2, CHEN Weilong1,2
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1.College of Geographical Sciences and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China;2.Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to study the structure,biomass,species diversity and their relationship with environmental factors of grassland communities in Fuyun area of Altai Mountains,so as to provide scientific basis for the conservation and sustainable development of grassland.【Method】In July 2022,13 representative grassland community sample plots were selected in the Fuyun area of Altai Mountains,Xinjiang.The number of species,the number of individuals of each species and cover,etc.in the sample plots were investigated,the aboveground biomass,Sorenson similarity coefficient,and the diversity of species in the grassland communities in the sample plots (Margalef richness index,Simpson dominance index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Alatalo evenness index) were determined,and the correlation between aboveground biomass,species diversity and environmental factors (longitude,latitude,altitude,slope,average monthly temperature,average monthly precipitation,humus layer thickness) was analyzed.【Result】The total number of plants in grassland communities in Fuyun area,Altai Mountains,was 25 species in 18 families and 25 genera,mainly Asteraceae,Rosaceae,Gramineae,and Leguminosae,and the vegetation life-types were dominated by perennial and annual herbs.The Sorenson similarity coefficients were low among grassland communities in all sample sites,and there were significant differences in aboveground biomass and species diversity.Significant cubic functional relationships were found between aboveground biomass and Margalef richness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Alatalo evenness index.The results of correlation analysis showed that aboveground biomass was significantly positively correlated with elevation (P<0.01),significantly positively correlated with longitude (P<0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with latitude (P<0.05).The Margalef richness index was significantly positively correlated with longitude (P<0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with latitude (P<0.01).There was a significant negative correlation between the Simpson dominance index and slope (P<0.05);a significant negative correlation between the Simpson dominance index,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,and latitude (P<0.05);and a significant negative correlation between the Alatalo evenness index and elevation (P<0.05).There was no significant correlation (P>0.05) between cover,average monthly temperature,average monthly precipitation,humus layer thickness and aboveground biomass and species diversity index.【Conclusion】The grassland community structure in Fuyun area of Altai Mountains is relatively simple,and elevation,longitude,latitude and slope have significant effect on aboveground biomass and species diversity indices. |
| Key words: Fuyun region in Altai Mountains grassland community structure aboveground biomass species diversity environmental factor |
