| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究牦牛MYL3基因的结构和表达特征，探究其生物学功能及影响牦牛肌肉生长发育的机制。【方法】以美仁牦牛cDNA为模板，PCR扩增MYL3基因编码区序列(CDS)，利用MEGA11软件构建系统进化树，利用生物信息学软件对其编码蛋白进行分析。通过实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测MYL3基因在心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏（参照）、睾丸、肌肉和脂肪组织中的相对表达量。【结果】牦牛MYL3基因CDS区长600 bp，共编码199个氨基酸，存在1个碱基突变位点，位于第165位(A>T)。系统进化分析结果显示，牦牛与普通牛的亲缘关系最近，与单峰驼的亲缘关系最远。生物信息学分析结果显示，牦牛MYL3蛋白为不稳定的亲水性蛋白，无信号肽，不存在跨膜结构，主要存在于细胞质内，有8个磷酸化位点和2个N 糖基化位点，蛋白的二级结构以α-螺旋为主，主要与调控肌肉生长发育的相关蛋白相互作用。RT-qPCR结果表明，MYL3基因在心脏中的表达量最高，极显著高于其他组织；肌肉中次之，与除心脏外的其他组织存在极显著差异。【结论】MYL3基因可能与牦牛心脏发育有关，对肌肉的生长发育和肉质有一定影响。 |
| 关键词: 牦牛 MYL3基因 肌肉生长发育 肌肉品质 |
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| 基金项目:现代肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目（CARS-37）；甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目（20JR5RA580）；中国农业科学院创新工程项目（25-LIHPS-01）；甘肃省科技重大专项（21ZD10NA001,GZGG-2021-1）；合作市牦牛种质提升及提质增效项目 |
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| Cloning and tissue expression analysis of MYL3 gene in yak (Bos grunniens) |
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ZHANG Mengfan,LU Jianwei,ZHA Lao,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the structure and expression characteristics of MYL3 gene in yak,and explored its biological function and the mechanisms affecting the growth and development of yak muscles.【Method】Meiren yak cDNA was used as template,and PCR amplification technology was used to obtain the coding region sequence (CDS) of MYL3 gene of yak.The phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA11 software,and the encoded protein was analyzed by bioinformatics software.The relative expression levels of MYL3 gene in heart,liver,spleen,lung,testis,muscle and adipose tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR).【Result】The length of the CDS of MYL3 gene in yak was 600 bp,encoding 199 amino acids,and there was 1 base mutation site at position 165 (A>T).The phylogenetic tree showed that yak had the closest relationship with common cattle and the farthest relationship with Camelus dromedarius.The bioinformatics analysis showed that MYL3 protein of yak was an unstable hydrophilic protein without signal peptide or transmembrane structure.It mainly existed in the cytoplasm with 8 phosphorylation sites and 2 N glycosylation sites.The secondary structure of the protein was mainly α-helix,which interacted with related proteins regulating muscle growth and development.RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of MYL3 gene in heart was significantly higher than that in other tissues,followed by muscle,which had highly significant difference with other tissues except the heart.【Conclusion】MYL3 gene may be related to the heart development of yak,and had certain impacts on the growth and development of muscle and meat quality. |
| Key words: yak MYL3 gene growth and development of muscle muscle quality |
