| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同复合微生物菌剂对番茄生长及果实品质的影响，筛选最佳菌剂及其施用量，为番茄优质高效生产提供参考。【方法】以‘巴德丽1号’为供试番茄品种，采用盆栽试验，选用4种复合微生物菌剂（J1、J2、J3、J4），设3种施用量水平，分别为1×103，1×105，1×107 CFU/株，记为T1、T2、T3，进行完全组合试验设计，共计12个处理，分别为J1T1、J1T2、J1T3、J2T1、J2T2、J2T3、J3T1、J3T2、J3T3、J4T1、J4T2、J4T3。以喷施清水为对照（CK），测定不同处理番茄生长指标、生理指标以及果实品质。【结果】7月14日，不同复合微生物菌剂处理番茄株高、茎粗均高于CK，其中J4T2处理番茄植株株高和茎粗均最大。随着时间的延长，各处理叶片的叶绿素含量均呈先增加后减小趋势，其中7月3日各处理叶绿素含量均达到峰值，此时J4T2处理叶片的叶绿素含量最高。与CK相比，喷施J1、J2、J3 、J4菌剂均能提高番茄根系活力，但只有喷施J4菌剂处理与CK之间有显著差异。7月3日至7月14日，与CK相比，喷施J1、J2、J3 、J4菌剂均降低了叶片MDA含量，其中喷施J4菌剂处理的降低幅度最大。随着番茄植株的生长，各处理叶片中SOD活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势，且各处理SOD活性均于7月3日达到峰值，此时喷施复合微生物菌剂处理的SOD活性均显著高于CK，其中以处理J4T2的SOD活性最高；随着番茄植株的不断生长，叶片中的POD活性不断升高，其中J3 、J4菌剂对POD活性影响较大。与CK相比，4种复合微生物菌剂处理番茄果实中的可溶性蛋白、维生素C、可溶性糖与番茄红素含量均显著提高，其中J4T2处理的以上指标均为最高；4种复合微生物菌剂处理番茄果实中的有机酸含量均显著降低，其中以J4T2处理最低。【结论】添加适量的复合微生物菌剂可有效促进番茄植株生长，提高根系活力与叶绿素含量，改善保护酶活性与果实营养品质，其中J4T2处理的效果最佳。 |
| 关键词: 复合微生物菌剂 番茄品质 抗氧化酶活性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目（2021ZXJ03B05-4） |
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| Effects of different compound microbial inoculants and application rates on growth and fruit quality of tomato |
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ZHANG Zhi,JING Shihao,ZHOU Nan,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of different compound microbial inoculants on tomato growth and fruit quality were explored and the optimal inoculants and their application rates were screened to provide references for high-quality and efficient tomato production.【Method】The tomato variety of ‘Baderli No.1’ was planted in pots. Four compound microbial inoculants (J1,J2,J3 and J4) were selected for 3 application levels of 1×103,1×105 and 1×107 CFU/plant, denoted as T1,T2 and T3.The complete combination experimental design included 12 treatments of J1T1,J1T2,J1T3,J2T1,J2T2,J2T3,J3T1,J3T2,J3T3,J4T1,J4T2 and J4T3,taking spraying water as the control (CK). Growth indexes,physiological indexes and fruit quality of tomato in different treatments were determined and analyzed.【Result】On July 14,the plant height and stem diameter of tomato treated with different compound microbial inoculants were higher than those of CK,with the largest in J4T2.With the extension of time, the chlorophyll contents of leaves in all treatments increased first and then decreased with peak values on July 3 for all treatments and the highest in J4T2.Compared with CK,spraying J1,J2,J3 and J4 improved tomato root activity,but only spraying J4 had significant differences.From July 3 to July 14,spraying J1,J2,J3 and J4 inoculants all reduced MDA content in leaves,with the largest reduction in J4 inoculant treatments.With the growth of tomato plants,the SOD activity in leaves of all treatments increased first and then decreased.Leaf SOD activity in all treatments reached the peak on July 3,which was significantly higher than that of CK,and J4T2 had the highest value.With the continuous growth of tomato plants,the POD activity in leaves increased,and J3 and J4 had greater impacts than others.Compared with CK,the contents of soluble protein,vitamin C,soluble sugar and lycopene in tomato fruit were significantly increased by compound microbial inoculants,and J4T2 had the highest values.The content of organic acid in tomato fruit was decreased significantly,with the lowest value in J4T2.【Conclusion】Adding appropriate amounts of compound microbial inoculants effectively promoted the growth of tomato plants,increased root activity and chlorophyll content,and improved protective enzyme activity and fruit nutritional quality. J4T2 was the best treatment. |
| Key words: compound microbial inoculants tomato quality antioxidant enzyme activity |
