| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究西红花光系统PSⅡ对不同氮磷钾配比的响应和适应机制。【方法】以20~25 g/球的西红花为试验材料，施用氮（N）磷（P）钾（K）配比分别为30-10-10（T1）、20-20-15（T2）和10-30-20（T3）3种水溶肥，分别测定不同处理西红花叶片长度、叶绿素含量、净光合速率（Pn）、胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率(Tr)和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学参数，分析不同氮磷钾配比对西红花光合作用及叶绿素荧光的影响。【结果】T1和T2处理可以促进西红花叶片生长和叶绿素积累，缓解叶片衰老变黄，整体效果显著优于T3处理。与T1、T2处理相比，T3处理西红花叶片光合结构受损，导致Pn、Gs、Tr降低，Ci增加，显著抑制了PSⅡ性能指数（PIabs），降低了叶片PSⅡ活性反应中心单位面积吸收的光能（ABS/CSm）、单位面积电子传递的能量通量（ETo/CSm）和单位面积捕获的用于还原QA的能量（TRo/CSm），增加了单位面积耗散能量（DIo/CSm），引起原初光化学反应最大量子产率（φPo）、电子传递的量子效率（φEo）、PSⅠ受体侧末端电子受体还原的量子效率（φRo）降低，导致PSⅡ反应中心实际光能捕获效率降低，叶片生长势减弱且提前衰老变黄。【结论】高氮型水溶肥（N-P-K为30-10-10）有利于促进西红花高效生长，提高西红花光合作用和光能捕获效率。 |
| 关键词: 西红花 水溶肥 光合特性 叶绿素荧光诱导动力学参数 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:沪农科推字（2019）第1-8号 |
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| Effects of different N,P and K ratios on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of Crocus sativus |
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ZHU Jiao,YANG Liuyan,ZHOU Lin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The experiment was conducted to examine the response and adaptation mechanisms of photosynthesis (PSⅡ) of saffron (Crocus sativus) to different N,P and K ratios.【Method】Saffron corm with fresh weight of 20-25 g/corm was treated with different N-P-K ratios of 30-10-10 (T1),20-20-15 (T2) and 10-30-20 (T3),respectively.Leaf length,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate (Pn),intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci),stomatal conductance (Gs),transpiration rate (Tr) and chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetic parameters were determined and analyzed.【Result】T1 and T2 treatments promoted growth and chlorophyll accumulation with better effects than T3.T3 treatment damaged photosynthetic structure,significantly reduced Pn,Gs and Tr,while increased Ci.T3 treatment significantly decreased PSⅡ performance index (PIabs),capture of energy flux (ABS/CSm),electron transfer of energy flux (ETo/CSm) and energy in reduced QA captured by per PSⅡ reaction center (TRo/CSm).The energy heat dissipation per unit blade section (DIo/CSm) was increased conversely.The maximum quantum yield (φPo),quantum efficiency of electron transfer (φEo) and quantum efficiency of electron acceptor reduction (φRo) at the PSⅠ receptor side were decreased.T3 treatment with low nitrogen fertilizer treatment also reduced actual light energy capture efficiency of PSⅡ reaction center,inhibited saffron leaves growth and advanced yellow in normal leaves.【Conclusion】High nitrogen soluble fertilizer (N-P-K ratio of 30-10-10) was beneficial to promote leaves growth and improve photosynthesis and light capture efficiency of Crocus sativus L. |
| Key words: Crocus sativus water-soluble fertilizer photosynthetic characteristics chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics parameters |
