| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对年径流丰枯分类的合理性进行研究，为流域水文分析和水资源管理提供参考。【方法】以集对分析和频率分析分别作为综合评价方法和常规方法的代表，通过构建类内相似度和类间差异度2个评价指标，定量分析集对分析分类结果的合理性；从径流丰枯类别频率分布的角度，提出丰枯类别联合分布频率、特定频率和劣优频差等概念，探讨集对分析与频率分析分类结果的差异；最后以黄河上游典型水文站唐乃亥站为例，对其年径流丰枯分类问题进行实证研究。【结果】对黄河上游唐乃亥站而言，与频率分析相比，集对分析使年径流类内相似度和类间差异度分别提高1.3%和6.6%，也使平水年的频率增加10%；平水的劣优频差相比其他非平水类别的劣优频差减少3.3%~8.0%；从平水到特枯（特丰），丰枯类别特定频率与理论频率的相关系数从0.95减小到不足0.60。【结论】综合评价方法不仅可以提高同类年径流过程的相似性，而且还可以增大不同类年径流过程的差异性，分类结果更加合理。 |
| 关键词: 年径流 丰枯分类 集对分析 频率分析 黄河流域 唐乃亥水文站 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52009116）；江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20200958,BK20200959)；中国博士后科学基金项目（2018M642338） |
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| Rationality analysis of annual runoff pattern classification based on comprehensive evaluation methods |
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XIE Yangyang,SHEN Teng,LIU Saiyan,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The rationality of annual runoff pattern classification was studied in the paper to provide references for hydrological analysis and water resources management in river basins.【Method】The set pair analysis (SPA) and frequency analysis (FA) were taken as the representatives of comprehensive evaluation methods (CEMs) and conventional methods (CMs),respectively.Two evaluation indexes of inner-class similarity and inter-class difference of annual runoff were built to quantitatively analyze rationality of classification results of SPA.From the view of frequency distribution of annual runoff pattern,the concepts of joint distribution frequency,specific frequency and frequency difference between inferiority year and superiority year (FDIYSY) for annual runoff pattern were proposed to investigate the classification differences between SPA and FA.Finally,the annual runoff pattern classification of Tangnaihai station,a typical station in the upper Yellow River,was selected as a case study.【Result】Compared with FA,the inner class similarity and inter class difference of SPA at the Tangnaihai station in the upper Yellow River were increased by 1.3% and 6.6%,respectively.The frequency of normal year SPA was also increased by 10%.The FDIYSY of normal runoff pattern was reduced by 3.3%-8.0% compared with those of non normal runoff patterns.The correlation coefficient between the specific frequency and theoretical frequency decreased from 0.95 to less than 0.60 when the runoff patterns changed from normal pattern to extremely dry or wet patterns.【Conclusion】Compared with CMs,the CEMs were more rational,which could not only improve the similarity of annual runoff processes within the same class,but also increase the difference between annual runoff processes belonging to different classes. |
| Key words: annual runoff pattern classification set pair analysis frequency analysis Yellow River basin Tangnaihai station |
