| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究秦岭地区野生春兰和蕙兰的形态多样性，从表观上了解2种兰花的形态变异情况，为该地区春兰和蕙兰种质资源的保护与利用提供参考。【方法】以秦岭不同产地的53份野生春兰和45份野生蕙兰为研究对象，对其叶色、叶片质地、花色等主要质量性状以及叶长与叶宽、被萼长与宽、侧萼长与宽、花瓣长与宽等主要数量性状进行统计和测量。质量性状以Shannon Weiner指数和Simpson指数为评价指标，数量性状以其最大值、最小值、极值、平均值、标准差以及变异系数为评价指标，对53份野生春兰和45份野生蕙兰的表型性状进行多样性分析。【结果】质量性状分析结果显示，蕙兰的Shannon-Weiner指数和Simpson指数总体高于春兰；数量性状分析结果显示，春兰的数量性状变异系数为9.57%～20.14%，蕙兰的数量性状变异系数为10.93%～29.11%，蕙兰的变异幅度大于春兰，表明蕙兰的形态多样性高于春兰。在数量性状指标中，春兰的花叶鞘长与侧萼长、花瓣长，被萼宽与侧萼宽、花瓣宽，侧萼长与花瓣长，侧萼宽与花瓣宽之间均极显著正相关；蕙兰的花葶长与萼片长、花瓣长，萼片长与花瓣长均极显著正相关；2种兰花的叶长与花葶长、被萼宽、侧萼宽、花瓣宽之间均呈现弱负相关性。【结论】秦岭地区野生蕙兰比春兰具有更丰富的形态多样性，因此春兰比蕙兰可能面临更大的种群生存威胁。 |
| 关键词: 春兰 蕙兰 形态多样性 质量性状 数量性状 秦岭地区 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省林业厅建设项目（陕林计字(2011)70）；西安现代农业科技创新项目(NC1305(2)) |
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| Morphological diversity of wild Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi in the Qinling Mountains |
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CHEN Junmei,SONG Junyang,HAN Wangya,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the morphological diversity of wild Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi to provide reference for their protection and utilization in the Qinling Mountains.【Method】The morphological diversity of 53 wild C.goeringii samples and 45 wild C.faberi samples from different habitats in the Qinling Mountains was studied.The investigative phenotypic characters contained the main qualitative characters such as leaf color,leaf texture and flower color,and main quantitative characters such as leaf length and width,length and width of middle sepal,length and width of side sepal,and petal length and width.The qualitative characters were evaluated with Shannon-Weiner index and Simpson index.The quantitative characters were evaluated with the maximum,minimum,mean,range,standard (STD) and coefficient of variation.【Result】 Analysis of qualitative characters showed that Shannon-Weiner index and Simpson index of C.faberi were generally higher than those of C.goeringii.Analysis of quantitative characters showed that the coefficient of variation ranged from 9.57% to 20.14% in C.goeringii and 10.93% to 29.11% in C.faberi.The variation range of C.faberi was wider than that of C.goeringii.The morphological diversity of C.faberi was higher than that of C.goeringii.There were significantly positive correlations between lengths of flower sheath,side sepal,and petal length,between widths of middle sepal,side sepal,and petal width,between lengths of side sepal and petal,as well as between widths of side sepal and petal in C.goeringii.Significantly positive correlations were also observed between lengths of scape,sepals,and petal length,as well as between lengths of sepals and petal in C.faberi.There were weak negative correlations between lengths of leaf and flower sheath,widths of middle sepal,side sepal,and petal in both orchids.【Conclusion】C.faberi had more abundant variation than C.goeringii,indicating that C.goeringii would face more serious threat in the Qinling Mountains. |
| Key words: Cymbidium goeringii Cymbidium faberi morphological diversity quantitative characters qualitative characters Qinling Mountains |
