| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确中国粗榧的杀虫活性并初步探索其活性成分分离条件，为进一步深入研究中国粗榧的杀虫作用奠定基础。【方法】采用室内生物活性测定方法，评价中国粗榧丙酮提取物对小菜蛾、粘虫、玉米象、淡色库蚊、家蝇、烟蚜和酢浆草茹叶螨等7种重要害虫的杀虫活性；并以粘虫3龄幼虫为试虫，采用活性追踪初步探索中国粗榧中杀虫活性成分的分离条件。【结果】中国粗榧丙酮提取物对供试的7种重要害虫均具有一定的生物活性，其中对小菜蛾和粘虫幼虫的杀虫活性较好，处理48 h后，其对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的胃毒致死中浓度（LC50）为74.94 mg/mL，拒食中浓度（AFC50）为45.39 mg/mL，对粘虫3 龄幼虫的胃毒LC50为 562.28 mg/mL，AFC50为 71.96 mg/mL；处理24 h后，对粘虫3 龄幼虫的触杀致死中量（LD50）为0.22 mg/头；初步分离结果表明，中国粗榧杀虫活性成分主要集中在石油醚萃取物中的Y5和Y6组分中，点滴量为0.05 μg/头时，其触杀死亡率均为100%。【结论】中国粗榧丙酮提取物具有较好的杀虫活性，其作用方式表现为拒食、胃毒及触杀，活性成分主要是非极性亲脂物质。 |
| 关键词: 中国粗榧 小菜蛾 粘虫 杀虫活性 植物源农药 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:陕西省科技计划项目“中国粗榧杀虫作用及其产品研究”（2014K02-10-03） |
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| Preliminary study on insecticidal activity of extracts from Cephalotaxus sinensis |
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MA Shujie,LI Xuejiao,MA Zhiqing,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research preliminarily evaluated insecticidal activity of extracts from Cephalotaxus sinensis against seven pests and explored the separation conditions.【Method】Activities of C.sinensis against seven pests (Plutella xylostella,Mythimna separate,Sitophilus zeamais,Culex pipiens pallens,Musca domestica,Myzus persicae and Tetranychina hani) were determined by laboratory bioactivity method,and the separation conditions of main active ingredients in C.sinensis extracts were explored by bio-assay guided method.【Result】C.sinensis extracts had high toxic effects against all tested pests,among which larva of P.xylostella and M.separate were more susceptive than others.After 48 h,the LC50 and AFC50 against 3rd larva of P.xylostella were 74.94 mg/mL and 45.39 mg/mL,and those against 3rd larva of M.separate were 562.28 mg/mL and 71.96 mg/mL,respectively.C.sinensis extracts also exhibited contact poisoning activity against 3rd larva of M.separata with LD50 of 0.22 mg/larva after 24 h.The main active ingredients existed in the Y5 and Y6 fractions of petroleum ether extracts by column chromatography isolation under bioassay guided method, with the contact mortality of 100% at the dosage of 0.05 μg/larva.【Conclusion】C.sinensis extracts showed potentially insecticidal activity against many pests through antifeedant,stomach poisoning and contact poisoning.The active ingredients were nonpolar lipid materials. |
| Key words: Cephalotaxus sinensis Plutellaxy lostella Mythimna separate insecticidal activity botanical pesticide |
