| 摘要: |
| 【目的】设计和制作山地果园蓄电池驱动单轨运输机，以降低山地果园运输作业的工作风险和劳动强度，提高运输效率。【方法】对由运输机和货运拖车组成的运输机构进行爬坡受力分析，获得满足运输机构爬坡要求的最小牵引力；设计和制作了运输机驱动机构、传动装置、限位装置等关键部件，并对直流无刷电动机、电动机控制器、电磁制动装置、蓄电池进行选型，设计制作以蓄电池为动力、使用无刷直流电动机驱动的山地果园单轨运输机。最后通过行驶速度、工作噪声、电流损耗和蓄电池组续航能力试验，对运输机的工作效果进行检验。【结果】所设计制作的山地果园蓄电池驱动单轨运输机可以搭载0～100 kg负载，在平地的行驶速度为0.60～0.58 m/s，行驶速度受装载质量影响较小；爬39°斜坡时的速度为0.45～0.28 m/s，行驶速度受装载质量影响较大；运输机工作时的最大噪声为83.87 dB。选用的蓄电池组在满充条件下，可支持运输机搭载100 kg负载爬坡行驶2 700 m。【结论】设计制作的运输机的各项技术指标均达到了设计要求，进一步的改进中将通过引入变档机构实现变速比可调，解决满载爬坡时蓄电池输出电流过大的问题。 |
| 关键词: 山地果园 单轨运输机 蓄电池驱动 农业机械 |
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| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201203016）；广东省高等学校优秀青年教师培养计划项目（Yq2013028）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-27） |
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| Design of battery powered monorail transporter for mountainous orchard |
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LI Zhen,HONG Tiansheng,SUN Tongbiao,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Battery powered monorail transporter for mountainous orchard was designed and developed to reduce operation risk and intensity in mountainous orchard transportation.【Method】Climbing stress analysis was conducted on transportation facility with transporter and cargo trailer to calculate the minimum traction stress for the transporter to climb slope.Key components of the transporter including driving mechanism,transmission,and limiting facility were developed.Other components such as the brushless DC motor,the motor controller,the electromagnetic braking device,and the battery were selected.After fabrication,the battery powered monorail transporter using brushless DC motor was design and developed.The transporter’s working effect was tested through experiments on driving speed,working noise,current consumption and battery pack running ability.【Result】The designed mountainous orchard battery powered monorail transporter had the driving speed of 0.60-0.58 m/s when running on the ground with the load weight of 0-100 kg.This speed was slightly affected by the load weight.The driving speed was 0.45-0.28 m/s when climbing a steep hill with an angle of 39°,and the speed was critically affected by load weight. The maximum working noise was 83.87 dB and the fully charged battery pack could support the transporter to run 2 700 m in climbing situation.【Conclusion】Every technical indicator met the design requirements.A shift mechanism will be introduced to the transporter so that adjustable gear ratio could be achieved,which would solve the current overload problem in a full load situation. |
| Key words: Mountainous orchard monorail transporter battery powered agricultural mechanization |
