| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究秦岭中段油松天然次生林群落的物种多样性，为其生态系统管理、生物多样性保护以及生态功能优化提供理论依据。【方法】采用样方调查法，在陕西太白山和周至自然保护区，分别依据环境因子（海拔、坡向等）选取发育阶段一致的有代表性的油松典型群落类型，共建立20 m×30 m样地20个，记录乔木层、灌木层和草本层的物种数量，分析秦岭中段油松次生林群落各层次物种的重要值、物种多样性，以及环境因素对物种多样性的影响。【结果】秦岭中段油松天然次生林群落不同层次物种丰富度为灌木层>草本层>乔木层，灌木层物种多样性高，乔木层优势种明显；其中乔木层以优势种油松的重要值最高，而灌木和草本优势种重要值较低；灌木层和草本层的物种丰富度指数、多样性指数、优势度指数以及均匀度指数均随着海拔增高呈现先增后减的趋势，且基本呈正态分布；在坡向对物种多样性的影响中，除了均匀度指数外，其余各指数在阳坡相对较高，物种较为丰富；相对于草本，坡向对灌木层物种的影响更为明显。【结论】秦岭中段油松天然次生林群落物种较为丰富，多样性较高，海拔、坡向对群落物种多样性均有影响。 |
| 关键词: 秦岭 物种多样性 油松群落 海拔高度 坡向 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31370587）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（2012GGQD10） |
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| Species diversity of Pinus tabulaeformis natural secondary forest in Qinling Mountains |
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YIN Wenke,HU Lile,LU Xi,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study focused on Pinus tabulaeformis species diversity of natural secondary forest in Qinling Mountains to provide basis for integrated management,biodiversity conservation and ecosystem function optimization.【Method】Using quadrat survey method,typical P.tabulaeformis community types at same development stages in Taibai Mountains and Zhouzhi Natural Reserve were selected based on multiple environmental factors (altitude,slope,etc.).A total of 20 plots with size of 20 m×30 m were established and numbers of species in shrub layer,herb layer and arbor layer were collected to analyze the characteristic values,diversity and environmental impacts at all levels of secondary forest community in Qinling Mountains.【Result】The species richness was in the order of shrub layer>herb layer>arbor layer.Shrub layer had high species diversity,and the arbor layer had dominant species significantly.The important value of dominant species of P.tabulaeformis in arbor layer was high,while the dominant species in shrub layer and herb layer were low.The species richness index,Simpson index,Shannon wiener index and evenness index trends were consistent with the increase of altitude,all increased firstly and followed by decrease in normal distribution.Sunny slope had larger indexes expect for evenness index.Slope had greater impact on shrub than on herb.【Conclusion】P.tabulaeformis natural secondary forest in Qinling Mountains had rich species,high diversity,and both slope and altitude affected species diversity. |
| Key words: Qinling Mountains species diversity Pinus tabulaeformis community altitude slope aspect |
