| 摘要: |
| 【目的】从县域尺度对陇东黄土丘陵区梯田土壤养分进行评价，为黄土丘陵区梯田土壤培肥、粮食产量增加提供科学依据。【方法】以庄浪县耕地质量评价数据为数据源，共采集3 839个样点，且采样点均匀覆盖全县农田，通过主成分分析和方差成分估计模块分析了陇东黄土区梯田土壤大量养分（有机质、全磷、全氮、缓效钾、速效磷、碱解氮、速效钾）和微量养分（有效铜、有效锌、有效锰、有效铁、有效硼）分布特征及其影响因素。【结果】1）庄浪县梯田土壤全磷和速效磷含量处于高水平，速效钾含量处于较高水平，有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量处于中等水平。土壤大量养分综合指数处于较低、中等和较高级别的样本数分别占有效样本数的14.45%,65.89%和19.66%。2）庄浪县梯田土壤有效铜、有效锰和有效铁含量为中等水平，有效锌和有效硼含量处于中下水平，且有较大面积的土壤缺硼。土壤微量养分综合指数处于较低、中等和较高级别的样本数分别占有效样本数的32.53%，63.35%和4.12%。3）土壤类型对土壤大量养分空间变异的贡献率达51.81%，海拔影响次之，其贡献率为23.60%。随着海拔的升高，土壤大量养分综合指数在较高水平样本所占比例相应增加。4）土壤微量养分空间变异性与土壤类型、土壤质地、海拔有关，土壤类型对微量养分空间变异的贡献率最高，为69.41%，土壤质地、海拔的贡献率分别为17.65%，11.76%。随着海拔的升高，土壤微量养分综合指数在中高水平所占比例总体降低。【结论】陇东黄土丘陵区梯田土壤大量养分和微量养分整体处于中等水平，有较大面积的土壤缺硼。梯田土壤养分的空间变异主要受土壤类型和海拔的影响。 |
| 关键词: 梯田土壤 黄土丘陵区 大量养分 微量养分 影响因素 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41171228)；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题项目(XDA05050504)；中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-443) |
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| Nutrients assessment of terrace soil on the Loess Hilly Area: A case study in Zhuanglang,Gansu |
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LIU Si-han,XU Ming-xiang,WU Yong-bin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Taking Zhuanglang County as example,the soil nutrients of terrace in county scale were assessed to provide scientific basis for soil fertilization and improvement of food production in terrace fields of the Loess Hilly Area.【Method】Based on cultivated land quality evaluation data in Zhuanglang County,distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil macro and micro nutrients in terrace on LHA were analyzed using variance components and principal components analysis methods.3 839 sampling sites distributed uniformly all over the farmlands in the county.【Result】1) Contents of total P and available P,available K were at high level,contents of organic matter,total N and available N were at medium level.Samples with macro nutrient indexes at low,medium,and high levels accounted for 14.45%,65.89% and 19.66% of the efficient samples,respectively.2) Contents of available Cu,Fe and Mn were at medium level,contents of available Zn and B were at medium and lower level,and a large area of soil was in lack of B.Samples with micro nutrient indexes at low,medium,and high levels accounted for 32.53%,63.35% and 4.12% of the efficient samples,respectively.3) Spatial variability of macro nutrients in Zhuanglang County was mainly related to the soil type,which explained 51.81% of the total variability,while altitude explained 23.60%.The distribution proportion of macro nutrients in high level increased with the elevation of altitude.4) Micronutrient variance of terrace soil was related to soil type,soil texture,and altitude,which accounted for 69.41%,17.65% and 11.76% of the total variance,respectively.The distribution proportion of micro nutrients in high level decreased with the elevation of altitude.【Conclusion】Both macro and micro nutrients in Eastern Gansu terrace soil of Loess Hilly Area were at medium level as a whole, and a large area of lands were in lack of B.The spatial variance was mainly affected by soil type and altitude. |
| Key words: terrace soil Loess Hilly Area macronutrient micronutrient influencing factors |
