| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究5种植物提取物和残体对大丽轮枝菌的抑制作用，为利用生物熏蒸技术防治棉花黄萎病提供依据。【方法】以棉花黄萎病主要致病菌大丽轮枝菌（Verticillium dahliae）XJ2008菌株为试材，测定韭菜、葱、薄荷、藿香和薰衣草5种植物的甲醇、水提取物，对大丽轮枝菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制作用，并将植物残体以质量分数2%添加到600 g基质与田园土的混合样中混匀后，测定植物残体对大丽轮枝菌微菌核萌发的影响。【结果】5种植物提取物均对大丽轮枝菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发有明显的抑制作用，随着植物提取物质量浓度的增加，抑制作用增强，甲醇提取物的抑菌作用略强于水提取物；韭菜提取物的抑制作用最强，藿香次之。植物残体对大丽轮枝菌微菌核的萌发有明显抑制作用，其中藿香残体的抑制作用最强，薄荷、韭菜次之，薰衣草最弱。【结论】韭菜、藿香对大丽轮枝菌的抑制作用十分明显，有作为生物熏蒸材料的潜力和应用前景。 |
| 关键词: 植物提取物 植物残体 大丽轮枝菌 微菌核 抑制作用 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省自然科学基金项目(2010JM3018)；“后稷学者”人才专项(Z111021008)；高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B07049) |
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| Inhibition of plant extracts and residues on Verticillium dahliae |
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WANG Mei-ru,YAO Qin,YANG Jia-rong,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The inhibitory effects of 5 plant extracts and residues on Verticillium dahliae were investigated to improve the control of Verticillium wilt in cotton using biofumigation.【Method】The mycelium growth and spore germination of V.dahliae strain XJ2008 were tested using methanol-extracts and water-extracts from 5 plants including Chinese chives (Alliium tuberosum),onion (Allium fistulosum),mint (Mentha arvensis),ageratum (Agastache rugosa),and lavender (Lavandula spp.).Effects of plant debris (added to mixture of substrate and garden soil with a mass fraction of 2%) on germination of microsclerotium were measured as well.【Result】Extracts from 5 plants all had inhibition effect on mycelium growth and spore germination.With the increase of extract concentration,the inhibition to mycelium growth and spore germination increased.Inhibition of methanol-extracted solutions was slightly better than water extracted solutions.Extracts from Chinese chives were the strongest,followed by mint and ageratum.Microsclerotium germination was significantly inhibited by plant residues with the strongest inhibitory effects from mint and the weakest effects from lavender.【Conclusion】Chinese chives and ageratum had significant inhibition against V.dahliae,and they could be used as biological fumigation materials. |
| Key words: plant extracts plant residues Verticillium dahliae microsclerotia inhibitory effect |
