| 摘要: |
| 【目的】从土壤中筛选有机磷降解菌，并对其进行鉴定和生长特性研究，为研制具有降解土壤有机磷功效的生物有机肥提供高效稳定的菌种。【方法】用解磷圈法和液体摇瓶培养法，分别以植酸钙和卵磷脂为惟一磷源，从采自陕西杨凌的农药厂排污渠、棉花地、果园、菜地等不同生态类型土壤中分离筛选有机磷降解菌，对其进行生理生化特征分析和分子生物学鉴定，并确定其最适生长温度和初始pH值。【结果】从采集的不同利用类型的土壤中共初筛分离出了25株有机磷降解菌，复筛选出解磷率较高的Z2-3、Z3-5、Z3-8、Z4-1-4株植酸钙降解菌和L5-2、L7-1-2株卵磷脂降解菌。其中Z2-3、Z3-5、Z3-8和Z4-1在植酸钙液体培养基中的解磷率分别达到64.2%，71.5%，67.2%和58.1%，L5 2和L7 1在卵磷脂液体培养基中的解磷率分别为76.7%和84.1%。生理生化特征测定结果和分子生物学分析结果表明，Z2-3、Z3-5、Z3-8、Z4-1、L5-2、L7-1株菌依次为变形假单胞菌（Pseudomonas plecoglossicida）、恶臭假单胞菌（Pseudomonas putida）、荧光假单胞菌（Pseudomonas fluorescens）、荧光假单胞菌（Pseudomonas fluorescens）、成团泛菌（Pantoea agglomerans）和土壤短芽孢杆菌（Brevibacillus agri）。植酸钙降解菌和卵磷脂降解菌的最适生长温度分别为28～35和28 ℃，最适初始pH值分别为8.0～8.5和7.5。【结论】分离、筛选、鉴定出了解磷率较高的6株有机磷降解菌，获得了其最适生长温度和最适初始pH值。 |
| 关键词: 有机磷降解菌 分离筛选 鉴定 生长特性 植酸钙 卵磷脂 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（40871119, 41171203）；农业部“948”项目（2010Z20） |
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| Screening,identification and growth characteristics of soil organic phosphate degrading bacterial strains |
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SUN Wei,GU Jie,LI Yu-di,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study screened organic-phosphate degrading bacteria from soil,identified the bacteria,studied the physiological and biochemical characteristics to provide efficient and stable strains with ability of degrading soil organic phosphate as bio-organic fertilizers.【Method】Using degrading circle method and liquid shake flask culture method,phytin and lecithin were used as the only phosphate source to screen bacteria from soil sample collected from various locations (the outfall of pesticide factory,cotton field,orchard and vegetable plot) in Yangling,Shaanxi and molecular biological method was utilized for identification.The proper temperature and initial pH for strains were investigated as well.【Result】25 organic-phosphate degrading bacteria were screened from soil samples.Z2-3,Z3-5,Z3-8,and Z4-1 had high phytin degrading rates,and L5-2 and L7-1 had high lecithin degrading rates after recreening.The phytin degrading rates of Z2-3,Z3-5,Z3-8 and Z4-1 in liquid medium reached 64.2%,71.5%,67.2% and 58.1%,while lecithin degrading rates of L5-2 and L7-1 in liquid medium were 76.7% and 84.1%,respectively.Physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA analysis demonstrated that Z2-3,Z3-5,Z3-8,Z4-1,L5-2 and L7-1 were Pseudomonas plecoglossicida,Pseudomonas putida,Pseudomonas fluorescens,Pseudomonas fluorescens,Pantoea agglomerans and Brevibacillus agri,respectively.The most suitable culture temperatures of phytin degrading bacteria and lecithin degrading bacteria were 28-35 ℃ and 28 ℃,respectively,and the most suitable initial pH values of phytin degrading bacteria and lecithin degrading bacteria were 8.0-8.5 and 7.5,repsectively. 【Conclusion】6 strains with high organic-phosphorus degrading rates were isolated and identified.The most suitable culture temperatures and initial pH values were obtained as well. |
| Key words: organic-phosphate degrading bacteria isolation and identification identification growth characteristics Phytin lecithin |
