| 摘要: |
| 【目的】在分子水平上研究酸枣遗传多样性和群体遗传结构，为酸枣种质资源的保存、利用及分子辅助育种提供依据。【方法】利用5对SSR引物对来自陕西黄河沿岸3个自然群体的50个不同酸枣样品进行了遗传多样性检验和群体结构分析。【结果】共检测到64个等位基因，每个位点的等位基因数为8～16，平均等位基因数为12.8。供试酸枣群体观测杂合度（Ho）为0.580～0.940，期望杂合度（He）为0.670～0.884，平均Ho和He分别为0.812和0.805；群体内变异（97%）远大于群体间变异（3%）；群体间基因流指数（Nm）较高，平均为9.125。在遗传相似系数为78%时，供试的50个酸枣样品聚为3个类群：树性为乔木，枝、叶及果实表型类似于栽培枣的过渡型；树性为乔木，枝、叶的一种或二者皆与栽培枣形态一致，果实是酸枣性状的半过渡型；普通灌木型酸枣。【结论】陕西境内黄河沿岸的酸枣遗传多样性丰富，变异程度较高；亚群间的遗传分化程度很低，基因流较大；聚类分析结果表明，遗传关系与表现型特征关系密切，而与地理区域无明显关系。 |
| 关键词: 酸枣 微卫星标记 遗传多样性 遗传分化 基因流 |
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| 基金项目:国家林业公益性行业专项（201304110）；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2013BAD20B03） |
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| Genetic diversity of sour jujube along the Yellow River |
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ZHANG Chunmei, YIN Xiao, LI Xingang,et al
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Northwest A&F University,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this study was to research genetic diversity and population structure of sour jujube for improvement of germplasm conservation and breeding.【Method】In this paper,we checked 50 different individuals from 3 natural populations along the Yellow River in Shaanxi Province using 5 polymorphic loci.【Result】A total of 64 alleles were detected.The number of alleles per locus ranged from 8 to 16,with an average of 12.8.The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.580 to 0.940 and 0.670 to 0.884,respectively,with averages of 0.812 and 0.805.The genetic variations within-populations were bigger than that among populations.Gene flow at each locus was large,with a mean Nm of 9.125.When genetic similarity coefficient was 78%,these individuals were clustered into 3 groups:1) arbor trees with branches,leaves and fruits similar to cultivated jujube;2) arbor trees with either branches or leaves identical to cultivated jujube;and 3) common shrub type.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity was rich along the Yellow River,with considerable gene flow and narrow differentiation.Relationship between genetic similarity and phenotypic characteristic was close,while relationship between genetic similarity and geographic areas was not significant. |
| Key words: Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa microsatellite markers genetic diversity genetic differentiation gene flow |
