| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同培肥措施对废弃宅基地土壤化学性质、酶、微生物特性的影响，为农村闲置废弃宅地基的复垦利用、开发提供理论依据。【方法】采用田间试验，以不施肥为对照，采用多种培肥模式（化肥、有机复合肥、有机复合肥+菌肥、有机肥、有机肥+菌肥）对宅基地复垦土壤进行处理，分析培肥后土壤化学性质、酶活性及微生物区系的变化特征，利用酶总体活性指标(Tatal enzymatic activity index,TEI)对不同施肥措施下土壤肥力水平的变化进行评价。【结果】复垦培肥后，有机肥、有机肥+菌肥处理显著增加了土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量，其中有机质含量分别增加了25.22%和25.27%；土壤转化酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶、脱氢酶活性均显著或极显著提高；土壤三大菌群中的放线菌数量极显著增加，分别为试验前的2.64和2.77倍；土壤酶总体活性指标（TEI）值为5.04～11.09，除与全磷、碱解氮、过氧化氢酶、细菌和真菌总数的相关性不显著外，与其他指标之间均呈显著或极显著相关。【结论】施用有机肥或有机肥+菌肥是研究区宅基地土壤较适宜的改良措施，同时TEI可以很好地评价不同施肥措施的优劣。 |
| 关键词: 土壤酶 土壤肥力 微生物区系 总体酶活性指标 |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX-YW-09-07)；西北农林科技大学“青年学术骨干人才支持计划”项目；农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室联合资助项目 |
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| Study on soil biochemical characteristics of the homestead land reclaimed soil on loess plateau |
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TAN Xiangping, HU Yi, LUO Lei,et al
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Northwest A&F University,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The impact of different fertilizations on soil chemical properties,enzymatic activities and micro-flora were studied,which can provide theoretical basis to reclaim and utilize rural abandoned homestead.【Method】By field experiments with six fertilizing treatments (no fertilizer,fertilizer,compound fertilizer,compound fertilizer+bacterial manure,organic manure and organic manure+bacterial manure),we studied the changing characterisitcs of soil chemical properties,enzymatic activities and micro-flora after fertilized for one year,evaluated soil fertility levels by total enzymatic activity index (TEI).【Result】The results showed that two fertilizations (organic manure and organic manure+bacterial manure treatments) improved soil organic matter,total N,available P,available K contents more than other treatments after one year reclamation,for example,soil organic matter content increased 25.22% and 25.27% respectively.Meanwhile soil enzyme activity was increased (invertase,urease,phosphatase,arylsphatase,dehydrogenase),and the amount of actinomyc was 2.64 and 2.77 times than that of background.TEI value was from 5.04 to 11.09,had significantly or most significantly correlation with soil most chemical properties,enzymatic activities and microflora,except total P,alkali-hydrolyzable N,catalase activity and the amount of bacterium and fungus.【Conclusion】In a word,organic manure combined with bacterial manure and organic manure were best fertilizations to improve fertility of rural abandon housing land soil.Total enzymatic activity was a more realistic index to compare short coming of different fertilization. |
| Key words: soil enzymes soil fertilization microflora total enzymatic activity index |
