| 摘要: |
| 【目的】建立基于3S技术和蚁群算法的灌区渠系优化配水模型,解决目前灌区配水管理中的被动配水和信息采集方法落后等问题。【方法】以冯家山水库北干十一支灌区为研究对象，采用RS/GPS技术获得灌区作物的种植结构、面积及灌区土壤含水率等信息，将这些信息输入GIS系统中，再根据灌区不同位置的土壤墒情，以斗渠为计算单元，通过GIS系统计算各斗渠的实际需水量，最后按各出水口“定流量、变历时”的轮灌运行方式建立优化模型，通过蚁群算法对模型进行求解。【结果】获得了各出水口在灌区实际需水量条件下的最优配水组合方案，算法简单、收敛性好。【结论】基于3S技术和蚁群算法的灌区优化配水，使现有的一些配水数学模型可以发挥更大的作用，使计算结果更接近实际。 |
| 关键词: 3S技术 蚁群算法 优化配水 需水量 优化模型 |
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| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2007BAD88b05）;国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目“大型灌区节水改造工程关键支撑技术研究”(2006BAD11B05) |
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| Optimization of water allocation management for irrigation canals based on 3S technology and ant colony algorithm |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The optimization of water allocation management for irrigated canals based on 3S technology and ant colony algorithm was used to solve the problems of the passive water allocation and lag information collection method about water allocation management in the irrigation area.【Method】This experiment took No.11 branch of main north channel in Fengjiashan irrigation region as an example to build the optimal model based on rotational irrigation of “constant flow,variable duration” in the water outlets with RS/GPS technology.RS/GPS was adopted to obtain the irrigation area information about crop planting structure,crop area and soil water moisture,consequently GIS was used to acquire the actual later canal water requirements according to the irrigation scheduling for different crops,taking lateral canal as calculation unit.【Result】The model chose Ant Colony Algorithm to calculate.The solution results can present the optimal water distribution scheme for each water outlets under the real water requirements of irrigation area.It has a simple algorithm and good convergence.【Conclusion】It can play a more important role in the existing mathematics models of water distribution and make the result close to the practice. |
| Key words: 3S technology ant colony algorithm optimal water distribution water requirement optimal model |
