| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示我国主要麦区小麦地方品种的遗传多样性。【方法】选用分布于小麦各染色体臂上的42对SSR引物，对我国10个麦区81个小麦地方品种的遗传变异情况进行分析。【结果】共检测到316个等位变异，单个引物扩增的等位变异为1～17个，平均为7.5个。参试小麦地方品种的多态信息含量PIC值为0～0.90，平均为0.63。平均等位变异数A基因组>D基因组>B基因组，平均PIC值各基因组间差异不大。遗传多样性最丰富的麦区是黄淮冬麦区和西南冬麦区。聚类分析结果表明，来自同一生态区的全部材料没有完全聚在一起，但冬麦区和春麦区材料间差异较明显。【结论】我国小麦地方品种具有较高的遗传变异，不同麦区间遗传多样性差异较大。 |
| 关键词: 小麦地方品种 遗传多样性 遗传关系 SSR标记 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:西北农林科技大学人才基金项目；西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金项目（A212020920） |
|
| Analysis on genetic diversity of Chinese wheat landraces using SSR markers |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Genetic diversity of Chinese wheat landraces was revealed. 【Method】 A set of 42 wheat SSR molecular markers were used to assess genetic diversity of 81 Chinese wheat landraces from different wheat producing regions.【Result】Among 42 SSR markers analyzed,95.2% were polymorphic,and two SSR markers were monomorphic.A total of 316 alleles were detected with an average of 7.5 alleles per locus.Polymorphic information content (PIC) for all accessions ranged from 0 to 0.90 with an average of 0.63.The average number of alleles of the SSR markers for the A genome was greater than that of D genome and B genome.The PIC value for the three genomes of wheat was compared.The landrace cultivars from the Yellow and Huai River Valleys Facultative Wheat Zone and the Southwestern Autumn Sown Spring Wheat Zone had the greatest genetic diversity.Clustering analysis generated by SSR analysis indicated that the genetic diversity of the landrace cultivars was not closely associated with their geographic regions of origin.However,the winter wheat landrace cultivars were significantly different from the spring wheat landrace cultivars.【Conclusion】Present study showed that Chinese wheat landraces were more diverse than released varieties.Diverse genotypes could be a good alternative for wheat breeding program. |
| Key words: wheat landrace genetic diversity genetic relationship SSR marker |
