| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 建立具有物理基础的坡面降雨入渗产流模型，为降雨有效性和产流特征分析奠定理论基础。【方法】 根据土壤水分运动的基本理论，分析降雨条件下土壤入渗的特征，建立入渗产流模型，并在室内进行不同降雨强度和坡度情况下黄土坡面降雨入渗产流试验，通过对试验数据的分析，确定模型参数。【结果】 在分析积水入渗条件下Philip入渗公式特点的基础上，建立了基于长历时Philip积水入渗公式的降雨产流模型。该模型显示，地表积水时刻与雨强、吸湿率和土壤饱和导水率相关。【结论】 利用室内模拟降雨资料对所建立模型进行了评估，表明其可以反映坡面降雨入渗产流的基本特征，可用于黄土坡面降雨入渗产流过程的分析,为坡面降雨径流过程的描述提供了新途径。 |
| 关键词: 黄土坡面 Philip入渗公式 降雨产流模型 |
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| 基金项目:中科院创新团队项目“流域水土过程模拟”；中科院“百人计划”优先资助项目（2004109） |
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| Study on physical base model of infiltration and runoff formation on loess slope land for a fixed rainfall intensity during rainfall |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The purpose of the paper was to establish a physical base model of infiltration and runoff formation for slope land during rainfall,to lay a theoretical foundation to analyze the validity of rainfall and the characteristics of runoff formation process.【Method】 The theory of soil water movement was used to analyze the soil infiltration feature during rainfall,and the experiments of soil infiltration and runoff formation for different rainfall intensities and slopes during rainfall were conducted in lab.The lab experimental data were used to determine the parameters for a model.【Result】 A mathematical model of runoff formation was developed based on the analysis of soil infiltration feature and the Philip equation for long infiltration time.The model indicated that the ponding time on soil surface was related to rain intensity and sorpitivity and saturated conductivity.【Conclusion】 The simulating experimental data were used to evaluate the model.The results indicate the model can demonstrate the basic features of runoff formation during rainfall.The established physical base model can be used to describe the runoff formation processes,and provide a new model for runoff formation of slope land during rainfall. |
| Key words: Loess slope land Philip infiltration equation runoff formation model during rain fall |
