| 摘要: |
| [目的]探讨大豆蛋白对鲤鱼消化性能和健康状况的影响.[方法]以初始体质量(50.13±0.41) g的健康鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)为试验对象,在室内单循环控温养殖系统中,以去皮豆粕分别替代质量分数0%(CK),15%,30%,45%和60%的鱼粉蛋白,配制成5种等蛋白(360 g/kg)等能(15.2 MJ/kg)的半精制饲料,研究大豆蛋白对鲤鱼消化酶活力和血液主要生化指标的影响.[结果]随着大豆蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白比例的增加,鲤鱼肝胰脏和肠道的蛋白酶活力下降,当大豆蛋白替代45%鱼粉蛋白时,鲤鱼后肠和肝胰脏的蛋白酶活力极显著低于对照组(P＜0.01);大豆蛋白60%替代组鲤鱼后肠的淀粉酶活力极显著低于对照组(P＜0.01);而大豆蛋白对鲤鱼肝胰脏和肠道的脂肪酶活力影响不显著(P＞0.05).当大豆蛋白替代45%鱼粉蛋白时,鲤鱼血糖和总胆固醇浓度及谷草转氨酶活性显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),甘油三酯浓度显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),而尿素氮浓度、谷丙转氨酶活性及总蛋白、球蛋白和白蛋白的含量与对照差异不显著(P＞0.05).[结论]在本试验条件下,当大豆蛋白替代45%鱼粉蛋白时,虽然对鲤鱼的生长状况没有显著影响,但对鲤鱼后肠和肝胰脏蛋白酶的活力及部分血液主要生化指标产生了影响. |
| 关键词: 鲤鱼 大豆蛋白 蛋白酶 淀粉酶 脂肪酶 血液生化指标 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（30430520） |
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| Effects of dietary soybean protein on the activity of digestive enzyme and blood biochemical parameters of carp |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The effects of soybean protein on the digestibility and health status of Cyprinus carpio were investigated in this study.【Method】 The trial was carried out on healthy Cyprinus carpio with the initial weight (50.13±0.41) g at controlled temperature in single recirculating system for 8 weeks.Fish meal was used as animal protein sources and dehulled soybean protein as plant protein sources.The Cyprinus carpio was fed diets that contained different soybean protein levels to replace fish meal(0%,15%,30%,45% and 60%) as semi-refined feed with equal protein（360 g/kg） and energy （15.2 MJ/kg） to explore the effects of different dietary soybean protein levels on the activity of digestive enzymes and blood biochemical parameters.【Result】 With the soybean protein proportion increasing, the activity of protease in the hepatopancreas and intestinal tract of Cyprinus carpio descended.When soybean protein had replaced fish meal by 45%,the activity of protease in the hindgut and hepatopancreas of Cyprinus carpio were significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.01);When soybean protein had replaced fish meal by 60%,the activity of amylase in the hindgut of Cyprinus carpio was significantly lower than that of control groups (P<0.01);but the soybean protein had no significant influence on lipase in hepatopancreas and intestinal tract of Carp（P＞0.05）.When soybean protein had replaced fish meal by 45%,the contents of blood glucose，total cholesterol and the activity of Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05)，and the concentration of triglyceride was significantly higher that of control (P<0.05),and soybean protein had no effects on the concentration of Urinary nitrogen,the activity of Glutamic pyruvic transaminase,the contents of total protein,albumin and globulin（P＞0.05）.【Conclusion】 When soybean protein replaced fish meal by 45% in the 50-100 g compound feed which had 360 g/kg proteins,soybean protein had no effect on growth performance for Cyprinus carpio ,but they could change the activity of protease in hindgut and hepatopancreas and the contents of major blood biochemical parameters for Cyprinus carpio. |
| Key words: Cyprinus carpio soybean protein protease amylase lipase blood biochemical parameter |
