| 摘要: |
| [目的]筛选出甘蓝化学杀雄剂GS-1最适宜的杀雄质量浓度,以实现甘蓝100%的杂种杂交率.[方法]选用甘蓝自交不亲和系MP01和Y03为试材,在甘蓝种株主花茎和第一分枝上的最大花蕾约2 mm(即花蕾小孢子生长处于单核期)时,全株分别喷施20,5,3,2和1.5 μg/mL GS-1,以喷清水为对照,比较不同质量浓度GS-1处理对植株花朵育性、植株生长、结实力及杂交率的影响.[结果]GS-1对甘蓝植株所开花朵的雄蕊育性有一定的影响;不同质量浓度GS-1处理后, MP01植株全不育株率为10%～100%,其中5 μg/mL GS-1的处理效果最好,全不育株率达100%;不同质量浓度GS-1处理后,Y03植株全不育株率为0～100%,其中20 μg/mL GS-1处理的全不育株率为100%.不同质量浓度GS-1处理后,甘蓝植株之间生长势存在差异,其中低质量浓度GS-1对植株生长势影响不大,而高质量浓度(如5和20 μg/mL GS-1处理)对植株存在一定伤害,导致植株生长势变弱;甘蓝自交不亲和系辅助喷施GS-1可使杂种杂交率达到100%.[结论]GS-1具有很好的杀雄效果,在甘蓝种株主花茎和第一分枝上的最大花蕾约2 mm时,对Y03和MP01种株分别喷施20和5 μg/mL GS-1,植株表现全不育,植株的花枝和花蕾表现较正常,结实性正常,能够使杂交F1代种子达到100%的杂交率. |
| 关键词: 甘蓝 化学杀雄剂 杀雄效果 |
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| 基金项目:国家 “十一五”科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD01A7-2-04，2008BADB1B02）；陕西省13115重大科技专项（ZDKG-126）；西北农林科技大学育种专项（05YZ022）；西安市农业科技攻关项目（GG06090） |
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| Study on the effect of a chemical hybridizing agent GS-1 on cabbage |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The most suitable concentration of a new chemical hybridizing agent GS 1 on cabbages was selected in order to make the hybridization rate of hybrid seeds reach 100%.【Method】 Plants of cabbage with self-incompatibility lines MP01 and Y03 were treated with 20,5,3,2 and 1.5 μg/mL,water (CK) of GS-1 when that of the main stem and the largest bud of the first branch were about 2 mm (the microspore growth in a period of single-core).and the effects of different concentrations of GS-1 on the fertility of plant flowers,plant growth,seed setting were compared.【Result】 The fertility of cabbage stamen was affected by spraying GS-1;The percentage of complete sterile plant of MP01 was 10% to 100% after GS-1 treatment;The treatment with 5 μg/mL was the most effective,and the percentage of complete sterile plant reached 100%; The percentage of complete sterile plant of Y03 was 0 to 100% after GS-1 treatment,the treatment with 20 μg/mL made the percentage of complete sterile plant 100%;There were different growth vigor performancs of cabbage after different concentrations of GS 1 treatment,growth vigor was affected a little by low concentration of GS-1,but the high concentration(5 and 20 μg/mL) of GS-1 hurt cabbage,reducing its growth vigor;Cabbage self incompatible lines combining with GS-1 treatment made hybrid rate reach 100%. 【Conclusion】 GS 1 has a good effect on sterility.Spraying respectively 20 and 5 μg/mL on cabbage with self incompatibility line Y03 and MP01 when the largest bud of the main stem and that on the first branch are about 2 mm can sterilze the plants completely,the performance of plants and flowers buds nearly normal,the seed setting normal,and the hybridization rate of hybrid seeds of F1 100%. |
| Key words: cabbage chemical hybridizing agent GS-1 sterilization effect |
