| 摘要: |
| [目的]定点观察粤东地区农林业入侵杂草五爪金龙(Ipomoea cairica L.)的开花动态,并研究其有性繁育系统类型.[方法]在生态学外业调查的基础上确定4个样地,观察五爪金龙开花动态,计算花粉-胚珠比(P/O)、种子-胚珠比(S/O)、花粉活性率、柱头可授率和杂交指数OCI.[结果]五爪金龙花粉-胚珠比(P/O)为2 224,种子-胚珠比(S/O)为0.56,介于兼性异交与专性异交之间,以异交为主.五爪金龙开花期持续时间长,结实期短,单花开放时间仅为1 d.花粉活性率和柱头可授率在一天中均呈现抛物线趋势,且各自的最高峰分别出现在上午09:30与下午14:30～15:30;杂交指数OCI=5,为部分自交亲和,异交,需传粉者.[结论]五爪金龙繁育系统类型为混交繁育系统,即自交和异交并存;建议对五爪金龙采用全株清除的人工防治措施. |
| 关键词: 五爪金龙 开花动态 繁育系统 杂交指数 花粉-胚珠比 种子-胚珠比 |
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| 基金项目:广东省科技厅计划项目，广东省自然科学基金 |
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| Preliminary studies on breeding system of invasive weed Ipomoea cairica L. |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Floral dynamic was observed and breeding system was researched from invasive weed Ipomoea cairica in eastern Guangdong Province,China. 【Method】Four standard plots on the basis of ecological investigation were established where cultivated and natural populations of I.cairica existed,floral dynamic and computed P/O,S/O,pollen activity rate and stigma receptivity rate were observed. 【Result】 The main results were as follows: a complex outcross breeding system of I.cairica was indicated by P/O=2 224 and S/O=0.56,but outcross was the main mode for I.cairica. I.cairica had a long flowering period and a short fructicative period,the time lasted only a day from opening to languish for individual flower of I.cairica;both varieties showed parabola types for pollen activity rate and stigma receptivity rate,and peak values appeared at 09:30 a.m and 14:30-15:30 p.m respectively.A partial self pollination breeding system can be reflected by OCI = 5,pollinators were required sometimes. 【Conclusion】 The breeding system of I.cairica mixes with self-pollination and outcrossing.Some manual control methods such as digging whole plant are suggested to get rid of I.cairica. |
| Key words: Ipomoea cairica L. floral dynamic breeding system outcrossing index (OCI) pollen ovule ratio (P/O) seed ovule ratio (S/O) |
