| 摘要: |
| [目的]研究夏季不同结构塑料大棚的小气候变化特征,为指导农事生产及大棚管理提供科学依据.[方法]以大棚附近裸地为对照,对单栋、三连栋、六连栋3种结构塑料大棚内外的夏季小气候进行了为期14 d的观测,同时对晴天、阴天、多云3种典型天气状况下3种结构塑料大棚的小气候特征进行了分析.[结果]大棚相对照度为54%～79%,其值大小与大棚体积呈负相关;棚内日平均气温增温1.1～3.8 ℃,但晴天夜间单栋大棚气温会出现轻微的"温度逆转"现象;棚内气温日较差高于棚外4.0～10.2 ℃;0～20 cm土层地温平均增温1.6～3.4 ℃;棚内地温日较差大于棚外2.6～13.9 ℃,其值大小与大棚体积呈负相关;棚内日平均相对湿度低于棚外1%～5%,但全天各观测时次棚内减湿与增湿现象并存,白天以减湿为主,夜晚则出现增湿现象.通过数理分析,建立了棚内外150 cm光照、气温、空气湿度的相关方程.[结论]夏季单栋、三连栋、六连栋3种不同结构塑料大棚小气候特征差异显著,这种差异在晴天、阴天、多云天3种典型天气状况下并不相同. |
| 关键词: 塑料大棚 大棚结构 小气候特征 夏季 |
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| 基金项目:广西农业职业技术学院自然科学研究2006年立项重点课题（桂农职院发［2006］5号） |
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| Microclimate characteristics of different structure plastic greenhouses in summer |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The changing microclimate characterstics were studied in summer different structured plastic greenhouses so as to provide scientific basis for the instruction of agricultural production and plastic greenhouse management.【Method】 With the greenhouse nearby the bare land as the comparison,14 day obsenvation was made on the microclimate inside and ontside single,Three-connected and Six-connected plastic green houses in summer,and the microclimate characteristics in fair,cloudy and overcast days were analyzed.【Result】 The relative degree of illumination in the greenhouse was 54%－79%,and its value size and the greenhouse volume assumed counter-correlation.The average temperature inside increased 1.1－3.8 ℃ daily,but on cloudless days there was a slightly temperature reversal in the single greenhouse,4.0-10.2 ℃ higher than that outside.The ground temperature increase was 1.6－3.4 ℃ in 0-20 cm soil layer.In the greenhouse the ground temperature was 2.6-13.9 ℃ higher than outside,and its value size and the greenhouse volume assumed counter-correlation.In the greenhouse the daily average relative humidity was 1%-5% lower than outside.The dehumidification and humidification phenomenon coexisted during the whole day observation with dehumidification at daytime and humidification at night.Through the mathematical analysis,a related equation was built about illumination,temperature and air humidity 150 cm inside and outside the greenhouse.【Conclusion】 In single,three-connected,Six-connected plastic gresshouse microclimate characteristics were remarkably different on fair,cloudy,overcast days. |
| Key words: plastic greenhouse structure of plastics greenhouse microclimate characteristic summer |
