| 摘要: |
| [目的]提高无公害设施蔬菜生产水平,保持生态环境持续发展,提出针对性的设施栽培水肥高效调控技术.[方法]分别于陕西杨凌和西安长安布设肥料配比和肥水凋控田间试验,对不同土壤条件下日光温室番茄生长期间和收获后,土壤剖面中几种主要养分(硝态氮、有效磷、速效钾)及盐分含量变化进行分析.[结果]与常规施肥处理相比,配方施肥处理能有效降低土壤中硝态氮的累积量以及土壤有效磷和速效钾的含量;但收获后各试验不同处理0～200 cm土壤剖面中的硝态氮累积量为1 164.9～1 986.3 kg/hm2,0～20 cm土壤剖面中有效磷含量为196.0～349.5 mg/kg,速效钾含量为229.3～523.2 mg/kg,电导率为0.235～0.394 mS/cm,均处在偏高范围,表明土壤养分和盐分累积严重.[结论]在当地日光温室蔬菜栽培中,进一步降低施肥量和灌水量、提高肥水利用效率仍具有相当大的潜力. |
| 关键词: 肥水调控 日光温室 土壤养分 盐分累积 番茄 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:西安市农业科技攻关项目（GG04094）；西北农林科技大学拔尖人才支持计划项目（2006）；西北农林科技大学科研专项（04ZM097） |
|
| Effect of different fertilizer and water managements on the accumulation of nutrients and salts in soils under sunlight greenhouses with tomato |
|
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study was done to improve vegetable production and maintain the ecological environment of sustainable development in greenhouses, cultural facilities targeted by water and fertilizer efficient control technology.【Method】 The combinations of fertilizer experiment and the fertilizer and water regulation experiment were emplaced in Yangling of Shaanxi and Changan of Xi’an,and the changes of different fertilizer and water managements on the accumulation of nutrients (nitrate-N,available P,available K) and salts in the profiles of soils were analysed during the growth of tomato and after harvesting the crop under sunlight greenhouses in different soils.【Result】 Compared with conventional treatments,formulated fertilization decreased the accumulation of nitrate in soil profile,the concentrations of available phosphorus and available potassium in soil. However, after harvesting the tomato,the nitrate-N accumulated in 0-200 cm of soil profiles of the different treatments was in the range of 1 164.9-1 986.3 kg/hm2,available phosphorus in soil layer of 0-20 cm 196.0-349.5 mg/kg,available potassium 229.3-523.2 mg/kg;and electric conductivities 0.235-0.394 mS/cm.Those indices were still in high levels,indicating the over accumulation of nutrients and severe accumulation of salts in the soils.【Conclusion】 There still was a great potential to increase the nutrient and water use efficiency in sunlight greenhouses in the research area by the fertilizer-water regulation management. |
| Key words: fertilizer-water regulation sunlight greenhouse soil nutrient salt accumulation tomato |
