| 摘要: |
| 对32个小簇麦新物种、亲类型材料的农艺性状及分子细胞遗传学进行了研究，结果表明，PMC-MI，硬粒小麦－簇毛麦（Haynaldia villosa 2n=14,VV）及二倍体2n=21Ⅱ，普通小麦－簇毛麦双二倍体2n=28Ⅱ，异源附加系2n＝22Ⅱ和异源代换系2n＝21Ⅱ的细胞分别占69.94%，6288%,51.53%和82.54%；测交鉴定，2n=14Ⅱ+7Ⅰ，21Ⅱ+7Ⅰ，21Ⅱ+1Ⅰ和20Ⅱ＋2Ⅰ的细胞分别占82.47%,76.25%,80.26%和84.38%；用簇毛麦DNA作探针进行原位杂交，双二倍体（除V854cd）中都有14条簇毛麦染色体，它们的染色体组成分别为2n=42=28W+14V和2n=56=42W+14V,异附加系和异代换系中均有2条簇毛麦染色体，他们的染色体组成分别为2n=44-42W+2V和2n=42=40W+2V；12个材料蛋白质含量150 g/kg以上；25个材料抗条锈病、白粉病、叶锈病等两种以上病害。 |
| 关键词: 小簇麦新种质 分子细胞遗传学 原位杂交 品质 抗病性 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(39270446);陕西省自然科学研究计划项目(96SM30) |
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| Studies on the quality,disease resistance and molecular cytogenetics of wheat-Haynaldia villosa germplasm |
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| Abstract: |
| The quality,disease reistance and molecular cytogenetics of 32 new species and types from wheat-H.villosa(2n=14,VV) were studied.The results showed that the cells of 2n=21Ⅱ from Triticum durum (2n=28,AABB)-H.villosa amphidiploids,2n=28Ⅱ from T.aestivum (2n=42,AABBDD)-H.villosa amphidiploids,2n=21Ⅱ from addition lines and 2n=21Ⅱ from substitution,the percentages of 2n=14Ⅱ+7Ⅰ，21Ⅱ+7Ⅰ，21Ⅱ+1Ⅰand 20Ⅱ＋2Ⅰ were 82.47%,75.25%,80.26% and 84.38% respectively in PMC at MI.The in situ hybridization using H.villosa genomic DNA as probe showed that amphidiploids possessed 14 chromosomes of H.villosa and their chromosome constitutions could be expressed as;2n=42=28W+14V and 2n=56=42W+14V,addition and substitution lines possessed 2 chromosomes of H.villosa and their chromosome constitution could be depicted 2n=44-42W+2V and 2n=42=40W+2V respectiely.The protein content of 12 materials are over 150 g/kg and 24 materials are resistant to over two diseases such as stripe rust,powdery mildew,leaf rust and snow-mould. |
| Key words: wheatHaynaldia villosa germplasm molecular cytogenetics,in situ hybridzation quality disease resistance |
