| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对SH系矮化中间砧嫁接长富2号苹果进行砧穗组合评价，旨在筛选能提高长富2号苹果的优良砧木，为陇东旱区长富2号苹果适地栽培和砧木引种提供参考。【方法】以定植5年生的中间砧幼树（长富2号/SH1、SH3、SH6、SH40、SH28/八棱海棠）为试材，于2024-2025年连续2年对各砧穗组合的树体生长结构组成进行调 查，测定其抗氧化酶（SOD、POD和CAT）活性、渗透调节物质（可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和脯氨酸）含量、光合特性和果实品质。【结果】不同SH系中间砧对长富2号苹果树体生长、生理特性和果实品质的影响存在较大差异。其中以SH28和SH40为中间砧嫁接后，长富2号树体较小，树体新梢年生长量较其他组合低，但总枝量高于其他组合；树势中 庸，树体短枝占比较高，分别为77.63%和78.50%；长枝占比较低，分别为13.95%和12.73%；其果实可溶性固形物 和可滴定酸含量优于其他3种组合。但以SH28和SH40为中间砧嫁接后，长富2号树体的净光合速率、蒸腾速率明显 减小，胞间CO2浓度和气孔导度明显增大。以不同SH系为中间砧嫁接后，各组合树体的抗氧化酶活性及渗透调节物 质含量未表现出一致的规律。【结论】以SH40和SH28作为中间砧嫁接长富2号，富士树体矮化性强，枝类组成合理， 果实品质优良。 |
| 关键词: 砧穗组合 矮化中间砧 长富2号 渗透调节 光合作用 果实品质 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2027. 01. 005 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:甘肃省农业领域-科技特派员（基地）专项（23CXNA0031） |
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| Tree morphology，leaf physiology and fruit quality for SH⁃type apple rootstock⁃scion combination |
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Tian Huashan1, Chen Youting2, Zhang Guangzhong3
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1.Shoulushan Nature Reserve Management Station of Jingtai County，Baiyin，Gansu 730020，China;2.Forestry and Grassland Affairs Centre of Jingtai County，Baiyin，Gansu 730020，China;3.Gansu Academy of Forestry，Lanzhou，Gansu 730070，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aims to evaluate rootstock-scion combinations of Nagano Fuji No.2 apples grafted onto SH-type dwarfing intermediate rootstocks，thereby identifying superior rootstocks that enhance apple performance and providing a reference for its site-specific cultivation and rootstock introduction in the arid regions of eastern Gansu.【Method】Using 5-year-old intermediate rootstock saplings（Nagano Fuji No. 2/SH1，SH3，SH6，SH40，SH28/Malus×robusta Rehder） as test materials，the tree growth structure com-position of each rootstock-scion combination was investigated over two consecutive years（2024-2025），and antioxidant enzyme activities（SOD，POD，and CAT），osmoregulatory substance contents（soluble proteins， soluble sugars，and proline），photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality were measured.【Result】Different SH-type intermediate rootstocks exerted significant effects on tree growth，physiological characteristics and fruit quality of Nagano Fuji No.2 apple trees. Among them，trees grafted onto SH28 and SH40 intermediate root?stocks were smaller in size and had lower annual shoot growth than other combinations，but had higher total branch counts. These two combinations showed moderate tree vigor，with a high proportion of short shoots （77.63% and 78.50%，respectively） and a low proportion of long shoots（13.95% and 12.73%，respectively）.Their fruit demonstrated superior soluble solids content and titratable acidity compared to the other three combi-nations. However，the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of trees grafted onto SH40 and SH28 were significantly reduced，while intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance were significantly in-creased. No consistent pattern was observed in antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic regulatory substance contents among all rootstock-scion combinations.【Conclusion】Using SH40 and SH28 as intermediate root?stocks for grafting Nagano Fuji No.2 results in strong dwarfism，reasonable branch composition，and good fruit quality. |
| Key words: rootstock-scion combinations dwarfing intermediate rootstocks Nagano Fuji No.2 osmotic adjustment photosynthesis fruit quality |
