| 摘要: |
| 根系分泌物作为植物与根际微生物互作的核心媒介，通过信号传递与能量供给双重机制决定了根际 微生态系统的结构与功能。研究林木根系分泌物和根际微生物间的相互作用机制，对促进林木健康、提升森林生态系 统功能具有重要意义。近 30 年来林木根系分泌物和根际微生物相互作用机制的研究表明，林木根系分泌物通过提供 营养、引发微生物趋化和改变土壤性质等方式调控根际有益微生物的数量、结构及其生化功能；面对病原微生物入侵， 根系分泌物通过建立特异的微生物群落或分泌特定物质进行抵御，但同时根际微生物也通过形成菌根等方法调节林 木根系的分泌作用；氮、磷和重金属胁迫以及人为干预可通过调节林木根系分泌物代谢通路，实现植物-微生物关系的 重构。未来研究应运用新技术，以更全面、深入地揭示林木根系分泌物与根际微生物的复杂关系与互作机理。 |
| 关键词: 根系分泌物 林木 根际微生物 植物-微生物交互作用 微生物群落 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 08. 011 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目（2024YFD2201001）；国家科技基础资源调查专项基金项目（2021FY100801） |
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| Interactions between forest tree root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms：a review |
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CHEN Yue, WANG Haiyan
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State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources，Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection，Ministry of Education，College of Forestry，Beijing Forestry University，Beijing 100083，China
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| Abstract: |
| Root exudates，as the primary mediators of interactions between plants and rhizosphere microor-ganisms，determine the structure and function of the rhizosphere microorganisms through dual mechanisms of sig-naling and energy provision. It is of great significance to study the interaction mechanisms between forest tree root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms for promoting the health of forest trees and enhancing forest eco-system functions. The article summarizes the interaction mechanisms between root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms in forest trees over nearly three decades. The results reveal that forest tree root exudates regulate the abundance，structure，and biochemical functions of beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms by providing nutri-ents，acting as chemoattractants，and modifying soil properties. In response to pathogenic microbial invasion，root exudates contribute to defense by establishing specific microbial communities or secreting particular sub-stances. At the same time，rhizosphere microorganisms can also modulate forest root exudation through pro-cesses such as mycorrhizal formation. Nitrogen，phosphorus，and heavy metal stresses，as well as anthropogenic interventions can function to restructure the plant-microbe relationship by regulating the metabolic pathways of forest root exudates. New technologies should be utilized in future research to reveal the complex relationships and interactions between root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms in forest trees. |
| Key words: root exudate forest tree rhizosphere microorganism plant-microbe interaction microbial com‑ munity |
