| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）对实葶葱生长发育、生理活动以及化感作用的影响，为实葶葱驯化利用和AMF种质资源开发提供参考。【方法】采用盆栽试验，将分离自实葶葱栽培田土壤中的AMF（优势属为球囊霉属和无梗囊霉属）孢子接种于人工栽培的实葶葱根际（AM 处理），以未接种AMF的实葶葱为对照（N-AM 处理），测定实葶葱植株生长和生理特征的变化；取实葶葱地上部和地下部,分别制备 0（对照），0.25，0.5和1 mg/mL的水浸提液，以叶用莴苣种子为受体材料，采用卷纸发芽法进行发芽试验，测定叶用莴苣幼苗生长指标，以衡量实葶葱化感作用的变化。【结果】接种AMF后实葶葱生长受到显著促进，植株表型得到调控。出苗后150 d，AM处理的株高、全株鲜质量、地上部鲜质量、地下部鲜质量、根长、根体积、须根数、侧根分支数分别为15.00 cm、0.87 g/株、0.46 g/株、0.42 g/株、21.17 cm、2.24 cm3、8.83个/株、13.92个/株，较N-AM处理分别增加了36.74%，182.87%，251.42%，132.18%，23.83%，116.23%，14.23%，169.25%；菌根生长效应随实葶葱生长而增强，于出苗后120 d达到最高值1.33；AM处理实葶葱的全株、地上部和地下部干质量分别为127.60，90.20，37.40 mg/株，较N-AM处理分别显著增加了188.04%，290.48%和76.42%，根冠比则显著降低了54.84%。AM处理实葶葱叶片叶绿素a、鳞茎可溶性糖和EPY含量较N-AM处理分别显著提高了130.25%，58.33%和41.18%，叶片叶绿素 b 和可溶性糖含量比N-AM处理略降低但差异不显著。AM处理根系中独脚金内酯素含量在出苗后呈增高-降低-增高的变化趋势，于出苗后 60 d达到最高值（2.86 ng/g），根系活力始终高于N-AM处理，盆栽实葶葱根系AMF侵染率最终为31.55%。当实葶葱地上部浸提液质量浓度为0.5 mg/mL 、地下部浸提液质量浓度为0.25 mg/mL时，AM处理的综合化感效应指数分别比N-AM处理分别提高了112.12%和66.67%；当地上部浸提液质量浓度为0.25和1 mg/mL、地下部浸提液质量浓度为0.5和1 mg/mL时，AM处理的综合化感效应指数分别比N-AM处理降低了50.94%和4.69%及18.52%和35.19%。不同质量浓度实葶葱水浸提液对叶用莴苣幼苗生长均表现出促进作用，各处理的综合化感隶属函数值均高于对照（4.06），其中以0.5 mg/mL AM处理地上部水浸提液最高（15.49），0.25 mg/mL N-AM处理地下部水浸提液最低（6.89）。【结论】实葶葱的生长发育与生理活动均受到AMF强烈的正向作用，实葶葱对受体植物的化感作用效果也受到AMF的调节。 |
| 关键词: 实葶葱 丛枝菌根真菌 生长发育 化感作用 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31760573）；新疆蔬菜产业技术体系项目（XJARS-07）；新疆农业大学2023年度校级大学生创新项目（dxscx2023150） |
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| Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and allelopathy of Allium galanthum |
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JI Huaifeng,LIN Chenyi,ZHUOMABIEKE·Utanibieke,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on growth and physiology of A. galanthum and its allelopathic effects to provide references for domestication and utilization of A. galanthum and development of AMF resources.【Method】AMF spores with dominant genera of Glomus and Acaulospora were isolated from A. galanthum fields and inoculated into the rhizosphere of potted A. galanthum (AM treatment), and potted A. galanthum without AMF inoculation was used as control (N-AM treatment).The growth and physiological characteristics of A. galanthum plants were determined.After cultivation,0 mg/mL (control check),0.25 mg/mL,0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL water extracts from aboveground and underground parts of A. galanthum were prepared.Used Lactuca sattiva seeds as experiment materials,growth indicators of L. sativa seedlings were determined to measure the changes in allelopathy of A. galanthum by germination experiment conducted through roll paper germination method.【Result】The growth of plants inoculated with AMF was significantly improved and plant phenotype was regulated.After 150 days of cultivation,the plant height,plant flesh weight,aboveground flesh weight,underground flesh weight,root long,root volume,were 15.00 cm,0.87 g/plant,0.46 g/plant,0.42 g/plant,21.17 cm,2.24 cm3,each plant has 8.83 fibrous root and 13.92 root forks on average,and they were significantly increased by 36.74%,182.87%,251.42%,132.18%,23.83%,116.23%,14.23% and 169.25%,respectively.The mycorrhizal growth response reached the highest value of 1.33 after 120 days of cultivation.The plant try weight,aboveground try weight,underground try weight were 127.60,90.20 and 37.40 mg/plant,which were increased significantly by 188.04%,290.48% and 76.42%,respectively.The root-shoot ratio was significantly decreased by 54.84%,and chlorophyll a content in leaf and soluble sugar and EPY content in bulb were increased significantly by 130.25%，58.33% and 41.18%,respectively.Chlorophyll b and soluble sugar content in leaf were slightly decreased.During cultivation,the content of strigolactone under AM treatment fluctuated significantly,reaching its highest value (2.86 ng/g) after 60 days of cultivation,and the root activity was always higher than that in N-AM treatment.The mycorrhizal colonization rate in the root system of potted A. galanthum was 31.55%.When the concentration of aboveground extract was 0.5 mg/mL and the concentration of underground extract was 0.25 mg/mL,SE in AM treatment was increased by 112.12% and 66.67%,respectively.When the concentrations of aboveground extract were 0.25 and 1 mg/mL and the concentrations of underground extract were 0.5 and 1 mg/mL,SE was decreased by 50.94%,4.69%,18.52% and 35.19%,respectively.Mi of extracts at different concentrations were higher than CK (4.06),and the highest value of 15.49 was at the aboveground extract concentration of 0.5 mg/mL and the lowest value of 6.89 was at the underground extract concentration of 0.25 mg/mL.【Conclusion】Growth and physiological characteristics of A. galanthum were strongly and positively affected by AMF,and its allelopathic effects on receptor plants were also regulated by AMF. |
| Key words: Allium galanthum arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi plant growth allelopathy |
