| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探寻克服牡丹与芍药远缘杂交受精前障碍的授粉方式，为克服牡丹、芍药远缘杂交不亲和提供理论依据。【方法】以芍药品种粉玉奴（Paeonia lactiflora ‘Fenyunu’）为母本，牡丹品种凤丹白（Paeonia ostii ‘Fengdanbai’）、洛阳红（Paeonia suffruticos a‘Luoyanghong’）为父本分别进行远缘杂交，采用常规授粉、延迟授粉、重复授粉、切割柱头授粉和蒙导授粉5种不同授粉方法，对授粉后花粉萌发及花粉管伸长过程进行荧光显微观察，研究母本心皮形态学特征，统计杂交组合结实率。【结果】杂交组合粉玉奴×凤丹白、粉玉奴×洛阳红采用重复授粉、蒙导授粉、延迟授粉的效果均优于常规授粉，在花粉萌发量、花粉管伸长及单花结实率方面表现为延迟授粉>重复授粉>蒙导授粉>常规授粉>切割柱头授粉，说明延迟授粉对于克服受精前障碍效果最佳，为最佳授粉方式。切割柱头授粉虽效果不佳，但对克服受精前障碍有一定影响。【结论】在牡丹、芍药远缘杂交育种中，可以采取延迟授粉的方法，减缓甚至克服母本柱头或花柱对异源花粉萌发及花粉管生长的抑制，克服受精前障碍，提高育种效率。 |
| 关键词: 远缘杂交；受精前障碍；授粉方式 牡丹；芍药 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31600568，31140057）；河南农业大学科技创新基金项目（30600965）；河南农业大学博士启动基金项目（30600408） |
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| Effects of pollination method on pre fertilization barriers in Paeonia lactiflora×Paeonia suffruticosa crosses |
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HE Dan,ZHANG Jiaorui,HE Songlin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored effects of pollination methods on overcoming the barriers of pre-fertilization to provide basis for the incompatibility of distant hybridization between peony and peony.【Method】 Interspecific crosses were performed using Paeonia lactiflora ‘Fenyunu’ as the maternal genotype and using Paeonia ostii ‘Fengdanbai’ and Paeonia suffruticosa ‘Luoyanghong’ as the paternal genotype.Five controlled pollination methods including normal pollination,delayed pollination,repeated pollination,cut stigma pollination,and mentor pollen pollination were tested.The process of pollen germination and pollen tube elongation after pollination was observed by fluorescence microscopy,morphological characteristics of carpel were investigated,and the seedlings were calculated.【Result】Delayed pollination,repeated pollination and mentor pollen pollination were more effective than normal pollination for both crosses.In terms of number of pollen grains germinated,pollen tube elongation and number of seeds per flower,the methods were in the order of delayed pollination>repeated pollination>mentor pollen pollination>normal pollination>cut-stigma pollination.Delayed pollination was identified as the optimum pollination method to overcome the barriers of pre-fertilization.Although the cut stigma pollination method was not effective,it had certain effects on overcoming pre fertilization disorders.【Conclusion】In the hybrid breeding of tree peony and peony,delayed pollination can be adopted to slow down or overcome the inhibition of heterologous pollen germination and pollen tube growth by the stigma or style of the female parent,overcome pre-fertilization disorders and improve breeding efficiency. |
| Key words: distant hybridization pre fertilization barriers pollination methods Paeonia ostii Paeonia lactiflora |
