| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确主要春化基因在我国小麦主产区的组成和分布特点。【方法】利用序列标志位点(STS)分子标记对我国6个小麦主产区276份小麦品种主要春化基因VRN-A1、VRN-B1、VRN-D1和VRN-B3进行检测，分析其春化基因的等位变异组成特点及其在不同麦区的分布特征。【结果】在276份小麦品种中，4个春化基因位点共存在9种等位变异组合类型，其中vrn-A1/vrn-B1/VRN-D1/vrn-B3的分布比例最高（33.7%）。北部冬麦区春化基因位点均为隐性等位变异组成；长江中下游冬麦区、西南冬麦区和黄淮冬麦区以vrn-A1/vrn-B1/VRN-D1/vrn-B3组合类型为主，所占比例分别为84.3%，57.1%和21.2%，随纬度的增加而减少；西北春麦区和东北春麦区以VRN-A1和VRN-B1两位点显性等位变异的组合为主，所占比例随纬度的增大而增加。【结论】初步明确了中国各主产区小麦品种主要春化基因的组成类型及其分布规律。 |
| 关键词: 小麦 春化基因 等位变异 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0101802）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973计划”）项目（2014CB138102）；陕西省重点科技创新团队计划项目（2014KCT-25）；西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金项目。 |
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| Composition and distribution of major vernalization genes in wheat cultivars from main production areas in China |
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LI Zhe,YANG Jie,LI Ruibo,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to clarify the distribution characteristics of main vernalization genes in Chinese wheat cultivars.【Method】Using STS molecular markers of VRN-A1,VRN-B1,VRN-D1 and VRN-B3,the distribution of main vernalization genes in 276 Chinese wheat cultivars was detected and analyzed in distribution.【Result】Among 276 wheat varieties,there were 9 alleles combination types in 4 vernalization loci,and the distribution ratio of vrn-A1/vrn-B1/VRN-D1/vrn-B3 was the highest (33.7%).The northern winter wheat region vernalization gene loci were all recessive alleles.Yangtze River,southwestern and Huanghuai winter wheat regions had the main type of vrn-A1/vrn-B1/Vrn-D1/vrn-B3 with ratios of 84.3%,57.1%,21.2%,respectively.The distribution ratio decreased with the increase of latitude.The combinations of VRN-A1 and VRN-B1 were dominant alleles in northwestern and northeastern spring wheat regions,and the ratio increased with latitude.【Conclusion】The composition and distribution of main vernalization genes of Chinese wheat cultivars were obtained. |
| Key words: wheat vernalization genes allele variation |
