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CO2对生菜生长和固碳量的影响
陈丹艳1, 杨振超1, 孔 政,等1
西北农林科技大学 园艺学院
摘要:
【目的】研究人工环境条件下CO2对生菜生长、品质及固碳能力的影响,为设施蔬菜的高产优质栽培提供依据。【方法】在CO2人工气候箱内,于人工光照条件下栽培香港玻璃生菜,光源为LED光源(红光与蓝光强度之比为2∶1,总光照强度为(150±2) μmol/(m2·s)),设定5个CO2含量处理,分别为CK(自然状态下)、T1(800 μmol/mol)、T2(1 200 μmol/mol)、T3(1 600 μmol/mol)和T4(2 000 μmol/mol),研究CO2不同含量对生菜生长、品质及固碳效应的影响。【结果】CO2不同含量处理的生菜株高、茎粗、叶片数、最大叶面积均大于CK。随着CO2含量的增加,平均株高、最大叶面积呈先升后降的趋势,其中1 600 μmol/mol CO2处理(T3)平均株高最高,1 200 μmol/mol CO2(T2)处理的平均最大叶面积最大;平均茎粗、叶片数均随着CO2含量的增加而增大,均以2 000 μmol/mol CO2(T4)处理的最高。随着CO2含量的增加,生菜地上部分、地下部分、全株的鲜质量、干质量以及根冠比均呈上升趋势,当CO2含量为2 000 μmol/mol时均达到最大,且均显著高于其他处理;生菜叶片可溶性蛋白、维生素C、还原性糖以及硝酸盐含量均呈上升趋势,而可溶性总糖含量呈先升高后降低的趋势;叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素(a+b)含量均呈先升后降的趋势,叶绿素b含量和叶绿素a/b无显著变化。CK、T1、T2、T3、T4处理的地上部固碳量分别为338.91,405.84,404.55,454.20和526.34 g/m2,且各处理间的差异达到显著水平。【结论】增施CO2有利于促进生菜生长,提高生菜产量、品质及固碳量。
关键词:  固碳量  CO2增施  生物量  生菜  营养品质
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:国家“863”计划项目“植物工厂营养液管理与蔬菜品质调控技术装备研究”(2013AA103004);山西省科技厅项目“高效固碳温室结构优化及环境调控”(FT201402-2-4)
Effects of CO2 on production,quality and carbon fixation of lettuce
CHEN Danyan,YANG Zhenchao,KONG Zheng,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This study investigated the effects of CO2 on growth,quality and carbon sequestration of lettuce in artificial environment to provide basis for high yield and quality cultivation of vegetables.【Method】 Hong Kong lettuce was cultivated under five CO2 levels with artificial light.The red to blue ratio of the LED light source was 2∶1 and light intensity was (150±2) μmol/(m2·s)).Five CO2 levels were CK (natural state),T1(800 μmol/mol),T2(1 200 μmol/mol),T3(1 600 μmol/mol) and T4(2 000 μmol/mol).【Result】The plant height,stem diameter,leaf number and maximum leaf area of lettuce in all treatments were significantly higher than those in CK.With the increase of CO2 concentration,the plant height and maximum leaf area increased firstly and then decreased.The plant height was the highest at 1 600 μmol/mol CO2 (T3),and the maximum leaf area was the highest at 1 200 μmol/mol CO2 (T2).The stem diameter and leaf number increased with the increase of CO2 concentration and their peaks were at 2 000 μmol/mol CO2 (T4).With the increase of CO2 concentration,fresh quality,dry quality of aboveground,underground,whole plant and root-crown ratio all increased and peaked at 2 000 μmol/mol.Contents of soluble sugar,vitamin C,reducing sugars and nitrate increased with the increase of CO2 concentration,while the content of soluble total sugar decreased after initial increase.Contents of chlorophyll a,carotenoids and chlorophyll (a+b) all increased initially and then decreased,while chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a/b ratio had no significant variations.The carbon fixed by aboveground parts were 338.91,405.84,404.55,454.20 and 526.34 g/m2 with significant difference.【Conclusion】CO2 enrichment was beneficial to increase growth,yield,quality and carbon fixation of lettuce.
Key words:  carbon fixation  CO2 enrichment  biomass  lettuce  nutrition quality