| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究苗床添加EM菌肥对烟草幼苗生长发育及抗逆酶活性的影响，以探索培育烟草壮苗的新措施。【方法】以红花大金元和云烟85为供试材料，采用室内模拟试验，研究烟草育苗基质中添加不同质量分数EM菌肥（0（T0），5%（T1），10%（T2），15%（T3））对烟草幼苗根系形态及活力、生物量和抗逆酶活性的影响。【结果】添加EM菌肥后云烟85幼苗总根长、平均直径、总根体积、总根表面积及红花大金元总根长较对照均显著增加，随添加菌肥质量分数的增加，云烟85平均直径、总根体积、总根表面积增幅不明显；不同径级根系总长表现为≤3 mm细根增幅显著；EM菌肥显著提高幼苗根系活力，红花大金元以T2最强，平均达425.45 μg/（g·h），增幅74.0%，T3、T1其次，而云烟85表现为T1＞T2＞T3＞T0。添加EM菌肥后，红花大金元幼苗总生物量以T2（881.1 mg/株）最大，增幅57.5%，云烟85总生物量随菌肥质量分数的增大有增加趋势。添加EM菌肥后烟草幼苗过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性显著增强，T2各酶活均达最高或次高。不同烟草品种对EM菌肥的响应存在差异，EM菌肥处理后红花大金元根系活力、抗逆酶活性增幅均大于云烟85，尤以叶片抗逆酶活性的表现更为突出。【结论】育苗基质中添加质量分数10%的EM菌肥可显著提高红花大金元和云烟85幼苗根系活力，促进细根生长，增加幼苗干物质积累，增强幼苗抗逆性，建议在生产中推广应用。 |
| 关键词: EM菌肥 烟草栽培 抗逆性 根系形态 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAD14B18）；四川省烟草公司重点项目（SCYC201504） |
|
| Effect of Effective Microorganisms fertilizer on growth and enzyme activities of tobacco seedlings |
|
SHEN Jie,CAI Yan,ZHANG Yu-yu,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study in vestigated the effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) fertilizer on growth and enzyme activities of tobacco seedlings to obtain new practices of culturing tobacco seedlings.【Method】Two tobacco varieties,Honghua dajinyuan and Yunyan 85,were tested in indoor experiment to understand the effects of substrates with EM fertilizers at the mass fractions(0（T0）,5%（T1）,10%（T2）,and 15%（T3）)on root morphology,root activity,dry weight and enzyme activities of seedlings.【Result】EM fertilizer treatments significantly improved the total root length,average diameter,total root volume,and total root area of Yunyan 85 and total root length of Honghua dajinyuan and it improved significantly compared with the control.As increase of EM fertilizer mass fraction,the average diameter,total root volume,and total root area of Yunyan 85 increased slightly.EM fertilizer treatments also significantly improved the total rootlengthswith different diameters and the fine root with diameter ≤3 mm had the most significant increase.Compared with the control,T2 treatment significantly promoted the root activity of Honghua dajinyuan by 74.0% to 425.45 μg/（g·h） followed by T3 and T1,while the effects on Yunyan 85 were in the order of T1＞T2＞T3＞T0.EM fertilizer treatment also significantly increased total biomass of Honghua dajinyuan seedlings,especially by T2 treatment with 57.5% increase (881.1 mg/seedling).As the mass fraction of EM fertilizer increased,the total biomass of Yunyan 85 seedlings increased as well.Application of EM fertilizer also significantly increased the activities of POD,CAT and APX in both root and leaf.T2 treatment was the best.Difference in response of seedlings to EM fertilizer was observed between Honghua dajinyuan and Yunyan 85.The root activity and enzyme activities of Honghua dajinyuan were remarkably higher than those of Yunyan 85,especially for enzyme activities in leaves.【Conclusion】Application of 10% EM fertilizer significantly improved root activity,fine root growth,dry matter accumulation and enzyme activities of Honghua dajinyuan and Yunyan 85 seedlings.Therefore,it is suggested to use widely in tobacco production. |
| Key words: Effective Microorganisms fertilizer tobacco cultivation resistant ability root morphology |
