| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同年限连作荞麦功能叶片衰老和活性氧代谢特性，探讨连作荞麦叶片衰老机理和产量形成的内部生理机制。【方法】以‘西农9920’苦荞品种为材料，在连续4年定位试验基础上，以轮作荞麦为对照，研究了不同连作年限荞麦功能叶片叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD和POD活性及膜质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）、氧自由基含量等生理指标的变化，收获时测定不同连作年限和轮作荞麦的产量、千粒质量、株高和主茎节数，最后对荞麦生育后期功能叶片生理指标与产量的相关性进行了分析。【结果】荞麦开花后，随着生育进程的推移，功能叶片的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD活性均呈先上升后下降趋势，POD活性、MDA和氧自由基含量持续上升。随着连作年限的增加，荞麦开花后功能叶片叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量明显下降；MDA和氧自由基含量上升，且连作高于轮作；SOD活性随着连作年限的增加呈现先升高再下降趋势；POD活性在开花前中期（开花后7～14 d）随连作年限的增加呈显著降低趋势，而在生育后期（开花后21 d之后）随连作年限的增加呈显著升高趋势。随着连作年限的增加，荞麦籽粒产量、株高、主茎节数均降低，且均低于轮作荞麦，但连作与轮作荞麦之间千粒质量差异不显著。相关分析表明，荞麦产量与花后功能叶片的可溶性蛋白含量呈极显著正相关，与叶绿素含量呈显著正相关，与POD活性、MDA以及氧自由基含量呈极显著或显著负相关。【结论】随着连作年限的增加，叶片功能期缩短，活性氧伤害程度加剧，籽粒产量降低。 |
| 关键词: 荞麦 连作 轮作 活性氧代谢 产量 叶片衰老 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31071472）；陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目（2014K01-28） |
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| Leaf senescence and reactive oxygen metabolism of buckwheat under continuous cropping |
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GAO Yang,GAO Xiao-li,ZHANG Dong-qi,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to research functional leaf senescence and reactive oxygen metabolism of buckwheat at different years in continuous cropping system,and investigate the mechanism of leaf senescence and the internal physiological mechanism of yield formation.【Method】Taking ‘Xinong 9920’ tartary buckwheat as material and rotation cropping system as control (CK),a series of experiments were conducted on the basis of 4 years to research the change in contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein,activities of SOD and POD,and accumulation of MDA and OFR of buckwheat’s functional leaf.The yield,1 000 grain mass,height and number of main stem sections were also measured when harvesting and their relationship with leaf physiological indexes was analyzed.【Result】With the continuation of aging process,SOD activity and contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased,while POD activity and MDA and OFR accumulation increased continuously after anthesis.With the increase of continuous cropping years,contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased,MDA and OFR accumulation increased,and these values of continuous cropping were higher than that of rotation cropping.SOD activity firstly increased followed by decrease.POD activity decreased significantly before anthesis and increased significantly in the late growth stage (21 d after anthesis).The grain yield had a very significant positive correlation with soluble protein content,a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll content,and a very significant or significant negative correlation with POD activity as well as MDA and OFR accumulation.【Conclusion】With the increase of continuous cropping years,the functional period of leaf shortened,the degree of reactive oxygen damage aggravated,and the grain yield decreased. |
| Key words: buckwheat continuous cropping rotation reactive oxygen metabolism grain yield leaf senescence |
