| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究禁食后再投喂对厚颌鲂幼鱼生长、血液学、生物化学及非特异性免疫指标的影响。【方法】将厚颌鲂幼鱼分成4组，分别为对照组(正常投喂24 d，F0)、禁食3 d后连续投喂21 d(F3组)、禁食7 d后连续投喂17 d(F7组)、禁食12 d后连续投喂12 d(F12组)，在禁食前、禁食后及恢复投喂后取样，检测其生长指标（体质量、体长、肥满度、肝体指数（HSI）、脏体指数（VSI））、红细胞压积、血清皮质醇质量浓度、血糖浓度及血清、肝胰脏和头肾超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、溶菌酶活性。【结果】禁食后，厚颌鲂幼鱼的肥满度、肝体指数、脏体指数大多显著降低(P＜0.05)，恢复投喂后均能恢复至正常水平(F12组VSI除外)。禁食后恢复投喂对幼鱼的红细胞压积无显著影响(P＞0.05)。F3 、F7组幼鱼的血糖在禁食后与对照组(F0)无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，而F12组幼鱼在禁食后血糖浓度显著下降(P＜0.05)，恢复投喂后各试验组血糖浓度均恢复至正常水平。禁食后F3组幼鱼皮质醇质量浓度与对照组(F0)无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，而F7、F12组幼鱼皮质醇质量浓度则极显著升高 (P＜0.01)，恢复投喂后均恢复至对照组(F0)水平。禁食后F3组幼鱼血清和肝胰脏SOD活性与对照组(F0)无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，F7、F12组幼鱼血清和肝胰脏SOD活性显著降低(P＜0.05)，恢复投喂后血清和F3、F7组肝胰脏SOD活性与对照组无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，F12组幼鱼肝胰脏SOD活性显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)。禁食后再投喂对厚颌鲂幼鱼肝胰脏溶菌酶活性无显著影响(P＞0.05)。禁食后F3、F7组幼鱼血清溶菌酶活性与对照组(F0)无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，F12组幼鱼血清溶菌酶活性显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)，恢复投喂后，各试验组血清溶菌酶活性均与对照组(F0)无显著差异(P＞0.05)。禁食后，F3组幼鱼头肾溶菌酶活性与对照组(F0)无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，F7、F12组幼鱼头肾溶菌酶活性显著降低(P＜0.05)，恢复投喂后，F3、F7组幼鱼头肾溶菌酶活性分别与对照组(F0)无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，但F7组幼鱼头肾溶菌酶活性显著低于F3组，F12组幼鱼头肾溶菌酶活性显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)。【结论】厚颌鲂幼鱼在禁食3 d投喂21 d时能达到完全性补偿生长，也不会降低幼鱼的非特异性免疫水平。建议在厚颌鲂养殖过程中采用禁食-再投喂的方式诱导鱼类的补偿生长时，禁食期以不超过4 d为宜。 |
| 关键词: 厚颌鲂(Megalobrama pellegrini) 禁食 再投喂 生长指标 生物化学指标 非特异性免疫指标 |
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| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2012C091)；中国长江三峡集团公司项目；农业部科技教育司项目 (200903048-08) |
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| Effects of fasting and re-feeding on biochemical and non-specific immune indexes of Megalobrama pellegrini juvenile |
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LI Qin,TANG Hong-yu,ZHENG Yong-hua,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of fasting and re-feeding on growth and hematological,biochemical and non specific immune indexes of Megalobrama pellegrini juvenile were studied.【Method】Megalobrama pellegrini juveniles were distributed in four experimental groups.The first group was considered as the control (fed normally F0) while the other three groups were fasted for 3 d(F3),7 d(F7),and 12 d (F12),respectively before re-feeding to 24 d.The growth parameters (weight,length,fatness K,HSI,and VSI),hematocrit,serum cortisol,blood glucose and serum,hepatopancreas,head-kidney SOD activities and lysozyme activities in Megalobrama pellegrini juveniles were determined before and after fasting and after re-feeding.【Result】 After fasting,most of the growth parameters including fatness K,HIS,and VSI significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and these parameters could return to normal levels after re-feeding (except for the VSI of F12).The hematocrit of juveniles was not significantly affected by fasting and re-feeding (P＞0.05).Blood glucose values of juveniles in F3 and F7 remained unchanged during fasting with no significantly difference compared with the control (P＞0.05),but blood glucose values of juveniles in F12 significantly decreased (P＜0.05).After re-feeding,the blood glucose of juveniles could return to the same levels as the control.After fasting,the cortisol levels of F3 were not significantly different (P＞0.05).Fasting periods of 7 d and 12 d significantly increased serum cortisol levels compared with the control (P＜0.01),and they returned to basal levels after re-feeding.After fasting,the serum and hepatopancreas SOD activities of F3 were not significantly different (P＞0.05),while the SOD activities of F7 and F12 significantly decreased (P＜0.05).After re-feeding,the serum SOD activities and hepatopancreas SOD activities of F3 and F7 group returned to the levels of the control group,but the hepatopancreas SOD activities of F12 remained significantly lower than that of the control (P＜0.05).The hepatopancreas lysozyme activities of juveniles were not significantly affected (P＞0.05) by fasting and re-feeding.After fasting,the serum lysozyme activities of F3 and F7 groups were not significantly different (P＞0.05) compared with the control,but the activities of F12 significantly decreased (P＜0.05).After re-feeding,the activities of experimental groups returned to the same levels of control group.After fasting,the head-kidney lysozyme of F3 was not significantly different (P＞0.05) compared with the control,but the activities of F7 and F12 significantly decreased (P＜0.05).After re-feeding,the activities of F3 and F7 returned to the levels of control group,but the activities of F12 were significantly lower than the control (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】The juveniles of F3 could completely grow back to normal level and the hematological,biochemical and non-specific immune indexes were not significantly impacted during a fasting period of 3 days and re-feeding.Thus a no more than 4 days fasting was recommended in the use of fasting and re-feeding during growth of Megalobrama pellegrini. |
| Key words: Megalobrama pellegrini juvenile fasting and re-feeding growth index biochemical index non specific immune index |
